Depreciation Essay

Depreciation Essay A method of accelerated depreciation, in which double the straight-line depreciation amount is taken the first year and then that same percentage, is applied to the un-depreciated amount in subsequent years is called double-declining-balance-method. Depreciation methods that provide a higher depreciation charge in the first year of an asset’s life and gradually decreasing charges in subsequent years are called â€Å"accelerated depreciation methods†.This may be a more realistic reflection of an asset’s actual expected benefit from the use of the asset, which many assets are most useful when they are new. One popular accelerated method is the double-declining-balance-method. Under this method the book value is multiplied by a fixed rate and is the most common rate which is use. When using the double-declining-balance-method the salvage value is not considered in determining the annual depreciation but the book value of the asset being depreciate d is never brought below its salvage value, regardless of the method used.The process continues until the salvage value or the end of the asset’s useful life is reached. In the last year of depreciation a subtraction might be needed in order to prevent book value from falling below estimated scrap value. Since double-declining- balance depreciation does not always depreciate an asset fully by its end of life some methods also compute a straight-line depreciation each year and apply the greater of two. This has the effect of converting from declining-balance depreciation to the straight-line depreciation at a midpoint in the asset’s life.

‘India’ a Hub for Medical Tourism

? ABSTRACT Medical tourism has become a popular option for tourists across the world. It takes into account primarily the biomedical procedures, combined with travel and tourism. Medical tourism has been coined by different travel agencies and the mass media to describe the rapidly growing practice of travelling across international borders to obtain cutting edge medical care. Countries like India, Malaysia, and Thailand are promoting medical tourism aggressively. The key competitive advantages of India in medical tourism stem from the following: ?Low cost advantage. ?Strong reputation in the Advanced Healthcare Segment (Cardiovascular Surgery, Organ Transplants, Eye Surgery etc. ) ? The diversity of tourist destinations available in the country. The key concerns facing the industry include: ?Less Government Initiatives. ?Lack of a coordinated effort to promote the industry. ?No accreditation mechanism for hospitals and the lack of uniform pricing policies and standards across hospit als. Medical tourism or health care tourism is fast growing multibillion-dollar industry around the world.It is an economic activity that entails trade in services and represents the mixing of two of the largest world industries: Medicine and Tourism. The paper identifies the strengths of India’s medical tourism service providers and points at a number of problems that may reduce the growth opportunity of this industry. This paper focuses on the key issues and opportunities possessed by Indian medical tourism sector that enables it to overcome domestic and international barriers on upgrading its medical services.Finally, this paper analyses and concludes the main reasons why the developing country like India attracts foreign tourists for the medical treatment. Keywords: Medicine, Tourism, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Ayurvedic, Naturopathy. INTRODUCTION India has a bountiful of diverse tourism hotspots which enchant the recuperating visitors, their scenic beauty, historicity and soci o-cultural significance would be great harbingers of health to the ailing foreign visitors. In the recent years, government support, low cost treatment, improved healthcare infrastructure, and rich cultural heritage, have taken the Indian medical tourism to new heights.India has emerged as one of the world’s most cost-efficient medical tourism destinations, and hence, attained a position among the global leaders. According to â€Å"Booming Medical Tourism in India†, the heart surgery centers in the country offer treatment at a significantly lesser prices compared to North America and Europe. Superior quality of dental care and Ayurvedic Spa treatments are also attracting patients from across the globe. Each market segment describes the cost effectiveness compared to other countries.Though India’s reputation is not good on hygiene front, its state-of-the-art medical facilities and value for money offered attracts thousands of patients each year. In this way, the country holds enormous potential for growth in medical tourism in future. Extensive research and analysis has also revealed that quality-driven wellness centers, cord blood banking, and medical tourism facilitates medical tourism market. It has been observed that wellness tourism, alternate meditation, and the advantage of being the least competitive pricing have been the Unique Selling Point (USP) of the Indian medical tourism.Cardiac and Orthopedic procedures constitute the majority share of the market. This study reflects an in-depth knowledge of various government initiatives that provides a positive impact on the medical tourism market in India. The adoption of the Public Private Partnership (PPP) Model by the Indian Government at both central and state levels to improve healthcare infrastructure in the country through expertise of private sector and better support of public sector provided the extra thrust to medical tourism.We also observed that the regulatory structure in co nnection to the medical tourism industry has been quite liberal and supportive in the country so far. Considering all the positive insights of the analysis, it’s a hope that the analysis of current market performance and future outlook of the Indian medical tourism industry with the forecasts provided in the report will help in devising the rightful strategies and make sound investment decisions. Comparative Cost of Medical Treatment in Euros (1â‚ ¬ = 70. 24 Rs) Type of ProcedureUnited StatesIndiaThailandBone Marrow Transplant300,000 â‚ ¬ = 21,072,000 Rs24,000 â‚ ¬ = 16,85,760 Rs50,000 â‚ ¬ = 35,12,000 Rs Open Heart Procedure40,000 â‚ ¬ = 2,809,600 Rs11,000 â‚ ¬ = 7,72,640 Rs 35,000 â‚ ¬ = 24,58,400 Rs Knee Surgery13,000 â‚ ¬ = 9,13,120 Rs3,500 â‚ ¬ = 2,45,840 Rs5,500 â‚ ¬ = 3,86,320 Rs Eye Surgery2,400 â‚ ¬ = 1,68,576 Rs600 â‚ ¬ = 42,144 Rs 5,500 â‚ ¬ = 3,86,320 Rs Facelift6,500 – 16,000 â‚ ¬ = 4,56,560 – 11,23,840 Rs20 00 â‚ ¬ = 1,40,480 Rs 8,000 – 16,000 â‚ ¬ = 5,61,920 – 11,23,840 Rs Source: Business World India and Indian Brand Equity Foundation Comparative Picture of the Price of the Treatment in USD and Percentage ProcedureUSD in USA)USD (in India)Difference in Price Bone Marrow Transplant2500006920028% Liver Transplant3000006935023% Heart Surgery30000870029% Orthopedic Surgery20000630032% Cataract Surgery2000135068% Dental Procedure Metal Free Bridge550060011% Dental Implants350090026% Porcelain Metal Bridge300060020% Porcelain Metal Crown100010010% Source: IIMK Part IX – Medical Tourism CHALLENGES One of the major challenges for Medical Tourism Industry in India is the phenomenon of Crowding-Out where healthcare could become less accessible to the local population.The discrimination of care has been happening with the opening up of the healthcare market and has brought about for the residents of the destination countries. The revenue generated by developing countr ies providing medical services to foreign patients can be used to improve the access and quality of care available to the residents. However, concerns have been expressed over Medical Tourism Industry in India that it may seriously undermine the care of local residents by adversely affecting the healthcare workforce distribution.Critics addresses globalization as commoditization of worldwide healthcare where in the redirection of economic resources to support the foreign care industry makes an ill-effect on local health care as the lower income groups that have reduced access and longer waits for health services. So, instead of contributing to broader social and economic development the provision of care to patients from other countries might make worse, the existing in-equalities and further polarize the richest and poorest members of society.Healthcare spending in India accounts for over 5% of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of which only 20% is provided by the governme nt. This reflects that the public healthcare is not only weak but also under-utilized and inefficient. Similarly contends that rising in-equalities in healthcare access across private and public systems encourages a domestic Brain-Drain (migration of healthcare professionals’ takes place from public to private sector) and increases dualism in healthcare in India.It is a fear that the remunerative Medical Tourism Industry in India might flourish at the expense of the treatment of endemic diseases (AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria) thus disregarding half of the disease burden in India which is primarily infectious diseases. Hence it is to be emphasized on the governments of destination countries to implement and enforce appropriate macroeconomic redistributive policies to ensure that the local residents of these nations actually realize the potential benefits of the Medical Tourism Industry in India.In addition, there is a rapidly increasing element of competition for India for m edical tourism income from other host countries such as Thailand and Singapore. Hence, one of the key factors for the host hospitals is the concept of efficient marketing to the developed countries offering innovative ideas like a holistic medical service and tourism package. It’s also a concern on the dependency of the developed nations on developing nations for healthcare provision.In addition, it is wondered if an established model of Medical Tourism Industry in India with the niche market which draws specific patients for designated procedures and can be followed by all developing countries. If multiple developing countries entered this market, the oversaturation of healthcare services would lead to severe price-cutting to the detriment of quality of healthcare. Another area of concern is the effect on the reputation of the destination country of the practice of soliciting patients for money.For example, Dr Kohli, an Indian pediatric cardiologist admitted to soliciting me dical tourists for money on the 60 Minutes. In addition, it’s warned that the quality of some of the services offered to medical tourists can cause significant risks due to the use of:- ? Older surgical equipment and inferior quality medications; ? Poorly trained health care providers; ?Inadequate emergency rooms and implanting older-generation medical devices.In a recent research conducted by Walsh, an antibiotic found amongst the UK medical tourists returning from India and Pakistan after undergoing cosmetic surgeries. The management of post-operative complications that occur after a patient returns to his home country and the consequent costs of this care are difficult issues that remain unresolved. Besides, hospitals catering to Medical Tourism Industry in India lack accreditation labels whereas there is an demand for oversight by neutral administrator such as (JCI and Patients beyond Borders) to attract foreign to the host country.Moreover, foreign patients have to bear the treatment cost out of their own pockets since the procedures performed under Medical Tourism Industry in India are usually not reimbursed by the insurance agencies with the exception of a few companies such as Blue Cross and Blue Shield in USA. Also, Medical Tourism Industry in India lacks stringent governance and regulatory policies. Consequently, faced with the choice of many medical institutions in diverse countries, medical tourists may find it very difficult to identify well-trained physicians and modern hospitals that consistently provide high-quality care.Lack of transparent pricing policies across hospitals, customer perception of some host countries as unhygienic and prone to terrorism with low coordination between the various Medical Tourism Industry in India operators such as airlines, hospitals, hotels and insurance companies are some of the other reported shortcomings. Since, Medical Tourism Industry in India is a relatively new phenomenon, some under-researched are as are observed in the available published literature such as: ?Limited statistical information; ?Impact of globalization on healthcare policies of Medical Tourism Industry in India; ? Challenges posed by Medical Tourism Industry in India like ethical and litigation issues; ? Public sector health inequity and post operative care of the medical tourists. Hence, a qualitative research is much needed to bridge this gap with a combination of primary (semi-structured interviews) and secondary (literature review) research. OPPORTUNITIESThe emergence of Medical Tourism Industry in India encouraged a reverse Brain-Drain where highly skilled medical professionals prefer to practice in their own countries rather than in the lucrative industrialized nations. One of the compensations for their move is the freedom to carry out rare medical procedures, such as hip resurfacing which have not yet been authorized in industrialized nations. There is an accompanying flow of patients as some citizens o f developed nations choose to bypass the care offered in their countries and travel to less developed areas of the world to receive a variety of reasonably priced medical services.As a result, regional and national governments in India, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia regard Medical Tourism Industry in India as an important resource for economic and social development. The difference in treatment costs can be considerable; for example, the cost of an elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery is about $60,400 in California, $25,000 in Mexico, $15,500 in Bumrungrad, $10,000 in Thailand, and in India only $6,500 in Apollo.Hence, cost-conscious patients choose to accept the inconvenience and uncertainties of off-shore healthcare to obtain service at prices they can more comfortably afford. Medical Tourism Industry in India can be regarded as a tool for lessen the overburdened healthcare systems of industrialized nations. For example, in the US, there are 46. 6 million people with no medical insurance, inadequate coverage and those who are not eligible for Medicare. Moreover, overwhelming health-related expenses contribute to bankruptcies in the United States.Also, patients choose Medical Tourism Industry in India to circumvent the delays associated with the long waiting list in their native countries and to attain cosmetic surgeries such as dental reconstruction, fertility treatment not offered in their National Health Services such as in United Kingdom and Canada. Patients also travel overseas to access stem cell therapies which are restricted on ethical grounds in most industrialized countries but are available in the Medical Tourism Industry in India.The shortage of human organ supply available for transplant in the United States drives some patients to other countries to obtain organ transplants, a practice that has been referred to as transplant tourism. There is another category of patients who prefer Medical Tourism Industry in India for confidentiality of the treatment rendered such as plastic surgery, drug rehabilitation and reproductive tourism. Patients also prefer Medical Tourism Industry in India for more personalized nursing care offered owing to the lower labor costs in developing nations supplemented by travel to exotic locations.Recently, several Fortune 500 corporations such as Blue Ridge Paper Products Inc. have been evaluating the feasibility of outsourcing expensive medical procedures to offshore healthcare destinations to reduce the financial burden of employee healthcare. In addition with these trends, the health insurance sector has potential commercial opportunity for foreign insurance firms. Insurance provider networks are being expanded to include physicians across the globe, and it is anticipated that within a decade a majority of large employer’s health plans will include off-shore medical centers.It is believed that if Medical Tourism Industry in India continues its meteoric g rowth, medical insurance plans could take advantage of its cost savings and begin offering lower-priced premiums if policyholders could be assigned to lower-priced countries for treatment. Hence, healthcare financing could become better calibrated to patients’ financial status. Consequently, medical tourism is a component of export-led economic growth, with the foreign currency earnings from international patients translating into output, jobs and income for developing countries with the added bonus of improving their public health systems.Supplemented by other factors such as: ? Low cost of administrative and medico-legal expenses; ?Medical visas being issued in lieu of travel visas for patients allowing an extended stay for medical reasons; ? Favorable economy. English being widely spoken due to India’s history as a British colony and enjoying a favorable Government support Medical Tourism Industry in India seems to be a promising sector for India. STRATEGIES ON INDI AN MEDICAL TOURISM ?Product ?Price ?Place ?Promotion ?People ?Process ?Physical Evidence SUGGESTIONS Role of Government: The government of India must act as a regulator to institute a uniform grading and accreditation system for hospitals to build consumers’ trust. ?Medical Visas: A simplified systems of getting medical visas should be developed in order to make travel across borders smoother. Visas can be extended depending on the condition of the patients. ?Holistic medical and diagnostic centers within the corporate hospitals: The hospitals have small spaces for the relatives to pray in, thereby wedding science with religion and traditional with modern medical practices. Setting up National Level Bodies: To market India’s specialized healthcare products in the world and also address the various issues confronting the corporate healthcare sector, leading private hospitals across the country are planning to set up a national-level body on the lines of National Associa tion of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM), the apex body of software companies in the country. It is therefore essential to form an apex body for health tourism – National Association of Health Tourism (NHAT). The main agenda for NAHT are: 1. Building the India Brand Abroad . Promoting Inter-Sectored Coordination 3. Information Dissemination using Technology 4. Standardization of Services ?Integrate vertically: Various added services may be offered to the patients. For example, hospitals may have kiosks at airports, offer airport pickups, bank transactions, or tie-ups with airlines for tickets and may help facilitate medical visas by the government. ?Joint Ventures / Alliances: In order to counter increasing competition in medical tourism sector, Indian hospitals should tie-up with foreign institutions for assured supply of medical tourists.CONCLUSION ?The First World’s Treatment at Third World Prices: India offers world-class healthcare that costs substantially less than those in developed countries, using the same technology delivered by competent specialists and attaining comparable success rates. ?India is receptively Less â€Å"Scary† Now: The author believes that a lot of entrusting medical care to different locations is about a psychological fear of the unknown. An important strategic challenge for developing-country hospitals is to reduce the psychological fear, which India has and is doing assiduously. Presence of a Collection of Medicine and Medicine Care: In India, the same depth of pool of talent for medicine exists as is the case of engineering and mathematical talent for software outsourcing. In the 1950s and '60s, the Indian government invested a lot in tertiary education. By now there are at least a small handful of medical institutes that are really first-rate, and the doctors they produce are extremely well trained. ?Strong Reputation in the Advanced Healthcare Segment: India has a plethora of hospitals offering wo rld class treatments in nearly every medical field of specialization. Portfolio of Indian Healthcare Tourism Offerings: This includes non-surgical medication complemented with Yoga therapies; unani and homoeopathic streams of medical care are in vogue. India is at an advantageous position to tap the global opportunities in the medical tourism sector. Its role is crucial to the development of medical tourism. The government should take steps in performing a role of a regulator and also as a facilitator of private investment in healthcare.Mechanisms need to be evolved to enable quicker visa grants to foreign tourists for medical purposes where patients can contact the Immigration Department at any point of entry for quick clearance. Tax incentives to the service providers, import duty reduction on medical equipment, committees to promote and foster medical tourism are some of the initiatives that can be devised. There is also a need to develop robust infrastructure in terms of transpo rt services to facilitate tourism in India. The tourism, health, information and communication departments need to work in tandem for efficient patient care.It should aim in building and promoting the image of India as high quality medical tourism destination, creating and promoting new combination of medical tourism products, keeping up the high standard of quality treatments at a reasonable price, providing informative online and offline materials and make them available to the potential customers. It should place a help desk and multi-lingual at different airports for medical tourists seeking information in various aspects. The fountainhead of India’s competitive advantage arises from the skillful use of its core competencies.These competencies are used to gain competitive advantage against rivals in the global market. Also attaining the accreditation/standard to reassure the quality of treatments as well as emphasizing on the needs and demands of the existing target marke ts must be incorporated. References ?Dr. Suman Kumar Dawn & Swati Pal, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research ? Dr. R Gopal, The key issues and challenges in medical tourism sector in India (A Hospital perspective) ? Jyotsana Mal, Globalisation of Healthcare: Case studies of Medical Tourism in Multi-Specialty Hospitals in India ? Journals on HealthCare and Medical tourism

Short answers_THE RISE OF NAZISM IN WEIMAR GERMANY (1919-1934) Assignment

Short answers_THE RISE OF NAZISM IN WEIMAR GERMANY (1919-1934) - Assignment Example ect the country to economic recovery, and assert German nationalism, solutions that the country greatly needed (Fritzsche, 1998).   Hitler’s diplomatic successes in foreign nations also added to the appeal of the Nazi movement to the German people. The German National Socialist party was based on the ideology that the German people were superior to other people (Hitler, 1925). In this respect, the movement emphasized German nationalism. As noted by Adolf Hitler in his Mein Kampf, the movement was founded on the premise that the Aryan master race was superior to all other races and that other races were in conflict especially with the master race. More especially, the Nazi movement believed that Jews were a mixed race which had infiltrated many societies was behind the repression and exploitation of the master race. Apart from its racial and anti-Semitic ideals, the Nazi movement was based on the need to expand Germany to provide more living space and resources to the Germans (Hitler, 1925). The Nazi movement felt that Germany was overpopulated and the territory occupied by the Germans was not enough for the people’s wellbeing, especially following the First World War. In this respect, Hitler noted that Germany’s relationship with Russia would be friendly if the latter if only Russia agreed to the re-establishment of the borders created by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Nazis believed that communism and capitalism were both dangerous to the nation (Hitler, 1925). Communism according to the Nazis would dissolve private property and would aggravate class conflict among other reasons. On the other hand they believed that capitalism destroys nations because of Jewish influences, international finance, and dominance by big corporations. Totalitarianism was yet another ideal of the Nazi m ovement as it believed that individual needs were less important compared to those of the community. Hitler, the main brain behind the Nazi movement stated that order and national

LinkedIn.com Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

LinkedIn.com - Essay Example Even though the professional community is on the rise with the passage of time, it is without a doubt that LinkedIn fosters productivity and growth across the board, creates avenues for development for the individuals and lets them stay in touch until a business call is made, and remade for future endeavors that are undertaken. The role of the professionals is to solicit the development to come about in such a manner that they get in close contact with one another, and thus stay in touch for a long period of time (Cocheo, 2009). They must grow collectively by keeping in association with one another so that their mutual friends and acquaintances also come about to increase and expand the basis of the business in the coming times through LinkedIn. As a professional, I can use LinkedIn to get in close association with people who have similar interests. To get up close and professional with human services professionals, I need to know where I can have all of them at a single point. This would mean that I need to make a group page for myself where I could solicit invitations from people who have similar interests and whose area of work are much the same. This would keep them all tied up at a single location and allow them to grow collectively. LinkedIn is a very powerful social media tool which if used properly could reap sound results, professionally. People have been able to meet and get in touch with some of the most talented individuals on the professional circuit just because they believed in the power of selling themselves through their abilities, skills and competencies (Pont, 2005). I would make use of LinkedIn to know who is joining the particular community and assess his/her skills upfront so that I know what the new individuals joining up have to offer to the community and to the human services role in essence. The most significant aspect is to get them all wired up and that can only be done when they are at a single platform. Being tied to a professional community means that one automatically ends up in a referral and when one needs to know who to contact, he is directly connected with how he must know the other individual. There is immense connectivity involved within the entire LinkedIn phenomenon, which if used properly could reap rich dividends. LinkedIn is powerful because it links up people who are in the same line of business; work closely with one another or even who work under the aegis of each other. The bosses and the middle line managers are in touch and so is the general dictum of progressive change, which is all the more quintessential in this day and age. Business groups with online presence creates an arm that can reflect on the business and that too from a very narrowed-down perspective, which zeroes in on the fact that connectivity must remain supreme and more so when quality referrals for human service clients seem to be the buzzword. Support services are always backed up by quality referrals which remain the hal lmark of LinkedIn and that too for all the right reasons (Beckwith, 2009). Thus professional business community groups create a sense of optimism which is very significant as it boosts the business by linking up like-minded people. The training offered by these LinkedIn groups is a collective mesh of those individuals who are in the same line of business and who have to offer the same services to a particular area of business. What

Choosing health Supporting Legislation For Health Essay

Choosing health Supporting Legislation For Health - Essay Example A report by the department of health dated on August indicates that a third of adults and a fifth of children aged below15 years will be clinically obese .By the year the 2010 it is estimated that 12 million adults in the UK and a million children will be obese while more will be overweight (Department of Health, 2004a). In this case we mainly focus on children’s health and various health issues affecting them where we approach obesity as one of the major challenge. Health support legislation in Liverpool seeks to realize the shared responsibility that everyone has to make changes that will lead to improvement of health (Department of Health, 2004b). One is considered obese when his or her body Body mass index (BMI) is 30-39.9, when its 40 one is considered morbidly obese, when its 50 one is considered super obese. Prevalence of obesity cases has tripled since 1980 and obesity is mostly associated with various aspects for example age, gender (where it mostly affects the female), ethnic belonging to a certain group and people of the lower economic status. In the year 2000 it was estimated that one out every five adults was obese. Obesity may lead to complications and diseases which include diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction, colon cancer, stroke among others. The main causes of obesity are sedentary lifestyle, increased energy food intake through eating and lack of regular exercises. In childhood obesity which is our main area of focus it is estimated that more than 75% of obese children become obese during their adulthood, for the last 20 years the number of obese children has been seen to triple mainly for children a ged between six to seventeen years of age (Department of Health, 2000). These is due to increased central fat deposition, it is believed that nowadays children may have a lower life expectancy compared to their parents

Critically discuss the applicability of the Elaboration Likelihood Essay

Critically discuss the applicability of the Elaboration Likelihood Model to understanding consumer behaviour - Essay Example mentioned ways, it is extremely crucial for the marketers to have an understanding about how the customers process the information that they come across as ads. Numerous models and theories have been proposed that have elaborated upon the manner in which customers assimilate and process the information as well as on the way ads and other marketing communications impact on the consumer behaviour (Cohen, 1990). Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), put forward by researchers Petty and Cacioppo (1983, 1986) is among the oldest and the most popular models that define how consumers formulate their attitudes towards a product or service on the basis of the communications that they receive as advertising. ELM has been employed by marketers and advertisers in making their communications more effective. ELM has also given the basic groundwork and direction to further research in areas like consumer cognitive processes and marketing communications elaboration. (Petty., Priester & Wegener, 1994).The current paper is aimed at evaluating the applicability of ELM to understanding consumer behaviour. The paper will begin with a brief overview of ELM and will contain a critical appraisal of its applicability in the consumer behaviour field. More specifically, it will focus on how ELM provides insights about consumer behaviour which in turn leads to more targeted and cost-effective advertising. The discuss ion will also include some of the weak points of ELM that need to be addressed in order to improve its applicability in the consumer behaviour field. The Elaboration Likelihood Model, when used in an advertising context, postulates that prospective customers form attitudes about ad messages via a process of message elaboration – or the amount of time and effort they spend on issue-relevant messaging. The extent to which they are likely to elaborate the message leads to two very different routes of information processing in the minds of the customers. These are the central

Did Credit Rating Agencies do good work Research Paper

Did Credit Rating Agencies do good work - Research Paper Example This part of the study suggested why the credibility of credit rating agencies came into the scrutiny. Following that, a detailed study was done regarding the agency costs and its effects on the value of a company. It was seen that, agency cost mostly arises due to the principal agent problem. The principal agent problem is nothing but the situation that is characterized by a conflict of interest between the principal and the agent who are the managers and the shareholder respectively. This conflict of interests leads to agency costs and thereby decreases the value of a firm. Thereafter, the information asymmetry and its implications on the financial services industry have been explained. It has been seen that this factor has led to severe economic downturns in the recent times. One such example was the 2007-08 financial crises where huge extent of information asymmetry existed between the financial institutions and their potential investors which acted as a catalyst triggering the f inancial crisis. The following sections explained the reason for the credit crunch and its implications in the economy of Qatar. It was reported that Qatar was expected to be resilient to the global financial crisis. Thereafter a final conclusion has been provided. ... Credit Rating agencies played a critical role by certifying most of the CDO tranches created by financial institutions with investment grade ratings that assured the potential investors about their safety. Furthermore, CDO tranches appealed more to the investors particularly because they offered higher returns compared to the similarly rated corporate bonds. The ratings which were certified to those CDOs appealed to the investors who assumed that the ratings represent a general and vigorous indication of default risks (Griffin & Tang, 2011). However, the rating based approach failed completely in the year 2007-08 with the collapse of the CDO market. In fact the ratings were such inappropriately done that some of the triple-A rated CDO tranches lost 90% of their value and were consequently downgraded as junk (Wojtowicz, 2013). This idea will serve as the ground work of this research. The following sections will explain the involvement of the credit rating agencies in the 2007-08 globa l financial crisis and comments will be made regarding the credibility of these agencies. These facts will be related to agency costs and the effects of such agency cost on the value of the firm will be explained. Thereafter, another topic that will be described in detail is information asymmetry and its consequences in the financial markets. Finally the reasons for the credit crunch and its implication on Qatar’s economy will be discussed followed with a conclusion. Credit Rating Agencies and the financial crisis The rapid development of the international financial markets over the last two decades would have been impossible without the credit rating agencies.

Business Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business - Research Proposal Example This understanding will not only help in developing more sustainable strategies but will also facilitate in maintaining effectiveness throughout the business channel, ensuring greater degree of responsible attitude among the participants. In this study, a quantitative research approach has been proposed that would help in obtaining adequate and appropriate information in relation to consumer boycotts in the recent era and the factors contributing to the same. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 4 Problem Statement 6 Research Objectives 7 Hypotheses 8 Rationale of the Study 9 Literature Review 10 Social Pressure 12 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Customer Attitude 12 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Brand Image 14 Motivation for Boycott Participation 15 Consequences of Consumer Boycotts 17 Research Design 18 Research Approach 18 Data Collection 19 Sampling 19 Ethical Issues 20 Measurement 20 Data Analysis Plan 21 References 22 Appendix: Questionnaire 25 Introduction Conceptually, boycotts are referred as particular techniques that can be used by stakeholders against those corporate entities those are responsible for executing unethical operations, inhibiting the interests of its internal or external stakeholder group. These techniques can be used by consumers or workers or any other stakeholder, having in interest in the company’s ethical performance (Murtagh & Lukehart, 2012). It is usually identified as a process on the basis of which, consumers decipher their voluntary and determined refusal or disapproval to buy, use or participate in any event of company on the grounds of unethical practices that may include fraudulent business, discriminatory practices, lack of transparency and integrity in the functioning or engagement of the company in illegal activities. Boycotts are significant when undertaken in groups as the strength tends to intensify with increased number of consumers willingly abandoning the product or serv ice. Boycotts are commonly executed by racial minorities, women’s rights activists, labour unions, religious groups and consumers. Commonly, boycotts are organised in groups with the intention to bind the corporate entities towards performing ethically sound functions and avoid or discontinue practicing malpractices and unethical tactics rendering due significance to customers’ interests. In this context, any consumer can be recognised as a boycotter (Murtagh & Lukehart, 2012). Boycotts are organised by dedicated as well as energetic activists who are willing to stand forward for any issue that is witnessed to be hampering the social, ethical and environmental factors of the region. Moreover, the reasons which are accountable for organising boycotts should be definite and accurate so that adequate supports as well as assistances are obtained from others activists. The objectives of boycotts should also be measurable, precise and realistic. In this regard, shareholder r esolutions are also identified to be an effective technique for influencing companies to change in accordance with the determined objectives of boycotts. It is worth mentioning in this context that shareholder resolutions are effective as shareholders can force the management of a company to change certain policies, which are inappropriate and unethical company as per the legal norms and thus, fail to work for the interest of the society at large. Furthermore,

Liberty in the history of America Essay Example for Free

Liberty in the history of America Essay Liberty is defined as the manner in which one or groups of people or organism are let free from oppression, starvation, slavery or disturbance of what ever kind. However, there are different definitions and perspectives of the term as used by different personalities, communities, and groups of people. In the history of America, liberty has been used differently to express different ideas. If you tethered a cow on a green pastureland to feed you would be surprised at it when it feeds a little then starts to stretch away from the green pasture. If it is untied, it begins to feed just around the same spot. It wants to be free. There is good pasture. Why is it that the cow can not just feed and wait to be driven home in the evening? If a toddler was given an interesting play toy and left in a locked room with plenty of light, it would stop playing and start to fight its way out of the locked room. Why would it begin to cry and stop playing yet it is not tethered, it is not sick or uncomfortable? We must look for freedom even when we are not pressed down so hard. In fact, liberty according to Lincoln’s observation in 1864 is a term that is used to refer to different things or terms when used by different groups of people. Lincoln emphasizes that liberty means differently in the South as well as in the North. He says that though liberty is the same word for all, it has different implications for different persons and regions. In other wards, the meaning of the term liberty is depends on the context within which it is used by the speaker. This essay focuses on the different perspectives of the term liberty as used by different personalities, at different situations, and at different times or seasons. The North, for example, has its own understanding of the term victory. More so, Douglass differs with Lincoln, in the opinion of what liberty is. On the other hand, the factory owner and the planter have different definitions of the term liberty. Douglass feels that freedom from slavery would be best known as liberty. He came up with a new idea on what slavery entailed. Although in most cases slavery was only associated with offering services in cotton farms of in America, Douglass felt that it was wide spread to as far as the rice farms in South Carolina. He also talks of slavery being exercised in the household services offered to the elites of Boston. In addition to this, Douglass feels humiliated by lack of freedom in the carting services in Manhattan as a means of transportation of goods. He calls this slavery. He is disappointed by the manner in which Black Americans were mistreated, how the freed slaves were mishandled along the streets as well as the interaction of the white reformers, slaves and freed blacks. At this point in life, Douglass decided to recapture the drama of their fighting interaction with a focus on the black Americans, some of whom he recaptured dramatic experiences as they fought for republican slogans fulfillment. Douglass wrote very moving stories on slavery and liberty thus describing what freedom would have meant to the enslaved. In his text entitled, ‘Death or Liberty,’ Douglass highlights the plight of African American Slaves and the experiences with their masters. For example, Qouk Walker, a freedom fighter and a slave who is said to have taken his master to the court. Jones who was enslaved at Delaware house and had to purchase liberty, is also described as a freedom fighter by Douglass. For sure slavery is inhuman since some of the slaves lost there lives due to ignorance of the masters, some were mistreated and had poor health besides working so hard. Some slaves went through a revolutionary act in order to buy their freedom. Although the revolution was a good way to demand for freedom, Douglass argues that the plotters had little or no courage to pursue it as effectively as to gain the liberty they wanted. However, it is undisputed that the activists in the Northern States got their freedom through the battle. Nevertheless, they would not have found equality. It was a matter of death or liberty. Freedom from slavery had to be obtained through a revolution in America. Liberty, according to Abraham Lincoln, is defined differently from the north. Eric Foner says that civil war in America was a source of freedom blessings. Thus the civil war was paramount. â€Å"Civil war resulted in a new birth in freedom,† remarked Lincoln. The United States fight for independence in the civil war is seen to have been very necessary since it resulted in new forms of liberty. Liberty is not only found in the lack of enslavement but also in politics, economics and civil strives in America. Independence Declaration in America underscores the most fundamental human right of Americans. More so, the constitution publicizes its rationale in securing the good fortune of freedom. In fact, President Roosevelt declared that the United States of America fight for the Civil War was not to be taken for granted since it brought with itself different forms of freedom. To emphasize on liberty, the president said that America’s liberty is symbolized by liberty caps, the legal â€Å"statutes of liberty,† and the liberty poles. In Americas expression of freedom they burnet draft cards, escaped from slavery, exercising the voting rights, as well as the burn of stamps. In this way Roosevelt expressed contentment in the four kinds of freedom achieved by the end of Civil War. To confirm the result of the war as a source of freedom, Bunch Ralph authored a text in the year 1940 stating that all persons within the streets of U. S were aware of the fact that America was well known as â€Å"land of the Free. † The term liberty in America did not stop growing after the civil war. It has been growing and changing with the history of the country. Freedom will be used in economic terms as freedom of economy where there is a misconception of the freedom to the access to fire arms by different individual and anti-government militia who claim to be oppressed in different ways. They argue that the right to own arms should be prioritized. According to modifications of the of the 1776 modern America’s â€Å"Declaration of Independence† some economic freedoms have been expressed. Today, Freedom from different forms of taxation, United Nations membership by the U. S. , welfare declarations and regulation of economies, encompasses freedom. Globalization is a form of economic freedom which comes along with heated debates over who to trades with who and how? In reality, freedom has changed from just the mere decline of the civil wars’ blessings to economic and political terminology. That is why Lincoln thinks that freedom in the North is different from freedom in the South. Yes, the â€Å"new birth of freedom† as described by Lincoln defines the widening of freedom contents. Freedom in the South meant independence towards governance of self, assurance of property security and economic independence for more valuable and innovative opportunities. The freedom from slavery was one of the main intentions of the participation in the civil war by the Southern Whites. Majority of the Southern Whites strangled for independence in order to eliminate slavery since they felt that slavery had been used as a means of getting freedom. Although many where fighting to end slavery, Thomas Jefferson owning more than 100 slaves authored a text on â€Å"the inalienable right to liberty. † In one way or the other he was right since the ownership of slaves meant security and prosperity in economic status of an individual during the 19th century. Unfortunately, one would ask, whether the slaves were not entitled to freedom of movement and self expression and individual security. In addition, it was easy then to ask, whoever was entitled to freedom and what the meaning of freedom was. The Northern Whites on the other hand fought for the security of Union as one way of gaining liberty. This entailed the ending of slavery for liberty to prevail. Lincoln further evoked the masses in the Northern by telling them that freeing slaves would be like freeing the free. The 1862 December was the Emancipation Proclamation Congress, in which Lincoln was moved to stir up the understanding of freedom in terms of freeing slaves. The termination of slavery would help to free the whole society, the rich and the poor. It was emphasized that freedom of the United States Whites would signify freedom to the entire globe. With reference to Lincoln, the term liberty provoked different understanding of from different personalities. He said, â€Å"†¦but using the same word we do not mean the same thing. † This was an observation he made in 1864. According to his observation, he states that in the North, freedom is a term used to refer to personal ability to enjoy the fruit of his sweat. The motive in the Northern residents was to work for good product and enjoying it. While in the south the move towards freedom referred to the ability to become a master and enjoy the result of other persons work. The advocated for slavery. This was against the principles of work as per Lincoln’s understanding. Lincoln feels that it slavery reflects theft of some kind since slavery stole other person’s of their hard work. The master enjoys the fruit of slaves’ hard work. Furthermore, it is from the First World War that the rights of voting are granted to women who attained the age of 18 year. The 1865 Union’s victory evoked the debates on nationality of Americans. Victory meant national norm. The redefinition of who an American citizen was became of paramount importance to incorporate different races of America as citizens. The fight for citizenship and voting rights as well as property ownership soon became a source of freedom to the enslaved. Union victory became symbolic of war freedom in terms of empowerment and equal opportunity to all American citizens. As mentioned earlier in this text that Douglass felt that freedom came only if the Black American was fully freed from slavery. He insisted that unless the black American had the right to vote then he was not free. The black American was allowed to vote. Nonetheless, by1890’s the South scraped off their voting rights thus emancipation of the Africa Americans. Liberty as defined by the Southern Planter class, did not allow African Americans on the choice to work on plantations. After the civil war most Southern Whites expected to continue with plantation farming at the expense of African American’s freedom. This meant that African Americans would only receive some form of wages for the labor they offered. Conversely, they were not free to choose on whether or not to work in the plantations. By 1865, Freedom had not yet come to the former slaves in the South even after the end of slavery. Freedom to the Black was confined within limited boundaries which meant advanced slavery. In this context, a planter wrote that beside a man being free, they may lack independence, which implied that African Americans needed not be given the right to vote nor the ownership of land. It was later on discovered that the African American slaves’ freedom implied freedom from forced labor. The reconstruction of 1865- 1866, came up with a rules and regulations governing their freedom limits. The African American former slaves were forced to sign labor contracts and start working on the plantations in the South. This was a rule under the president Johnson who as a result was impeached for the violation of human rights. The question on citizenship was so disturbing that even in the 1940s it was not easy for Asians to gain citizenship by naturalization although their children born in America automatically became citizens. There was still lack of freedom for American residents. Racial discrimination resulted from the barriers of citizenship. While Southern economy was based on agriculture, the northern economy was based on industrialization. Many factories were growing fast and making enormous profits in the North where freedom was experienced in transport systems. There was freedom of economy with factories making maximum profits. Unfortunately, that the immigrants of America within the cities especially in the factories worked under stressful and dangerous working conditions. Although some factory owner created habitable places for their workers most of them failed to acknowledge the need for hospitable working and living conditions for their workers. There was need for freedom from poor working conditions. Factory owners needed to be reminded on the need for clean working conditions. The cotton gin increased production at the expense of slave labor. Women fell victims of enslavement and needed to be freed. There was great desire to broaden freedom quotations for African Americans in the U. S factories. Despite the constant strive to gain liberty in different perspectives; White Americans have sluggishly accepted the African and Asian American as equals. It has take centuries to even have African American be recognized as people who need equal constitutional rights. Nevertheless, the situation is changing with modernity to extend of electing a Black American president as recently Barrack Obama was. Non whites have had to fight uncontrollably to gain that position. Numerous reconstruction presidential reconstruction amendments have been put in place in the fight for liberty. Women were termed as unequal; men took a superior position in all domains of learning and economics as well as politics. In conclusion, there are different definitions of the term freedom depending on the region or the speaker. Lincoln discussed freedom in the South as economical in which masters had power over their servants. The servants were basically slaves. He also described freedom in the North as one that set slaves free from all aspects of forced labor, taxation any form of mistreatment. The planter also describes freedom as the one in which a freed slave would only need to get some wages but have no choice of whether or not to work in the whites plantations. It was mandatory for the slave to work for the master in order to ensure freedom of the Southern masters in terms of economic development. Finally citizenship and freedom of the union victory were form of freedom for the U. S residents. However, it is undisputed that most of the early African Americans bought their way to freedom and citizenship through slavery or even participating successfully in the civil war. Some African American had to take part in revolution in the fight for freedom. We still have to reexamine the meaning of freedom in more fields in the U. S where there is discrimination and racial prejudice. References Donald Herbert D. (1995). Lincoln. New York: Simon and Schuster Eric J. (1993). To wake the Nations: Race in the Making of American Literature. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Eric F. (1995). Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology Of the Republication Party Before Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press. Herman B. (2000). A New Birth of Freedom: The Republican Party and Freedmen’s Rights, 1861-1866. New York: Fordham University Press. Neely M. E. (1991). The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties. New York: Oxford University Press. Paul C. N. (1971). The Sacred Trust: American Nationality 1798-1898. New York: Oxford University Press.

A Day When Everything Went Worng Essay Example for Free

A Day When Everything Went Worng Essay I just cannot think myself lucky when a day of my life goes totally wrong. Recently after starting university a day made me totally upset and frustrated. It was a normal day but my mobile did not give any alarm in the morning so I woke up late. While I was in hurry for university my mother told me that our driver did not come today so I had to go alone. I lived in Dhanmondi and the university was in Bashundhara so I had to take a CNG for university. As soon as I reached Nabisco the CNG had stopped. I asked what happened to the CNG driver. He answered me that the gas was finished and he had to refill it now. As I was late before I just came out from the CNG and hired another one. Finally I reached to the university but it was 10 minutes late. I saw that everyone was writing in the class. When I asked what was going on, they replied me that miss was taking a surprise test. My heart was biting fast but when I heard about the test it started biting faster. After the class I went to the cafe for a cold drink but I found that I had only 50 taka with me. See more: Defining research problem and setting objectives Essay Then I remembered that in harry I forget to take money from mother for CNG rent and I already paid 180 taka to the CNG when I came here. So, I had no money for food at the same time no money for further CNG rent. I had to take bus for home but I never had a bus ride alone before. After asking some of my friends I got an idea about the bus counter here. Then I went there and took a bus. When I heard the bus conductor was screaming ‘New Market’, I found that I was in the wrong bus. This bus was in new market but I should take a bus which had a stoppage in Kolabagan. Since I had nothing to do, I had to get off in new market and took a rickshaw. When finally I was in home it was 6 pm. As long as I met with my mom I saw she was getting ready for going out and she was looking tensed. I asked her what happened. She answered me that one of my aunts was in hospital and maybe she had cancer. I just suddenly became blank. What should I do now? After a while I decided to go with my mom. We were there in the hospital till late night. When I reached home I thought about the whole day and marked it as a totally wrong day of my life.

Role Of Editors And Editing Styles Film Studies Essay

Role Of Editors And Editing Styles Film Studies Essay In the early Stages, editing was done, with the help of mechanical equipment that appropriately put together linearly edited reels. The digital revolution and technological advances have magically simplified the post-production process. With various types of easy, interactive software applications, editing is not restricted to professionally trained editors and apprentices, but also made it possible for film students, amateurs and one-time users to edit their own film or video productions. With technology advancing in the speed of light-years, editing in film and TV production has gained a pivotal role. This research paper focuses more on editing styles, and the role of editors in film, and also about various editing techniques used in the film. This Paper focuses on the study of editing and about the various techniques and different features of editing. This research is also focused on the role of editing in film making like how editing make the film more effective. So this dissertation is concentrated on definition of editing types, how editing differ in various film genre, Importance of camera a shots and angles Study about editing The paper states that how film get life in the editing room. Also how editing makes the film more effective This research helps to study the editors mind and how the editors are playing with the shots to make the film better. The dissertation makes every one to understand the basic concepts and importance of editing in filmmaking Editing is an art we can play around it. The editing has its own principles. The editing has its own reason for every cut and every transition, effects and all. In the editing room the film has rearranging by the sequence, scene, shot, take we can see all this aspects detail in following research. Introduction Chapter 1 | Introduction Editing is one of the challenge aspects in film making. The films are getting their full forms in editing room. In the process of film making editing plays the major role. I will say that editing is the backbone of the film. Most of the people will compare the filmmaking process to the birth of the baby. Regarding this example the filmmaker is the father of the film but the editor plays the role of the doctor who makes the baby born safely to the world. The film is the huge aspect when the concept is rising from the creator mind and till it delivered to the people it crossing various levels. Once the film enter inside the editing room are in editing level thats the turning point of the film. The flow, tempo, screenplay, and more things are getting entered in side the film like the ingredients in the cake Most of the people think that the editor will do the rearrange the shots in order. Of course the editor will do the rearrangement, but he do lot of things more than that to make the film better to the audience. Every editor is differing from one another and every editor has their own way of editing style. In the film making the producer, the writer, the director, the cinematographer the actor and the editor plays the key role. The other people also contribute a lot. The editor role starts once when the production begins. He will be making a rough assembly of shots. Thus how the editor begins in the film making. When production get over the editor starts his assault with film. He plays with the shots to find the continuity and the connectivity between the sound and the visual of the film this will create the dramatic way of filming. It makes the film more effective. The editors are very important to make a film more emotions. He makes the audience to forget the cut of the shots. Thus he achieves his goal. The editor, the director and the producer are the three points to make the triangle called film. Here the editor has to know the thoughts of the director and t he producer. The other two the same they all have to read the other two people this make the edit in rhythmic way. Mark berger who was the re-recorder mixer on apocalypse now states that learning about the techniques of postproduction is similar to learning about the techniques of classical music (Declan mcgrath -editing post-production screen craft 1998) 1. | Aim The dissertation aim is to critically evaluate how editing makes the film more effective 2. | Objectives Short history Definition of editing Types of editing Analyze the aspects of editing Role of editing in films Principles of editing To analyze the films which awarded for editing To analyze the film which failed because of editing The film editors point of view 3. | statement of the problem To evaluate is the editing makes the film more effective. 4. | significance of the study This research paper will make clear the concept of editing. And the researcher can know more about the editing. I like to be an editor so it will support me a lot. This research is not only to study the editing. It explore the editor mind and editing concepts to the world Most of the people are thinking editing is just a job this research states them its not only a job its a creative art. This brief research will tell about this creative art this research is helpful do my project. And become an editor. This paper will help the people who are trying to be a good editor and to achieve their goal. It will be the direction board for new editor. It helps to change the concept of editing in peoples mind. It makes the editor to view the film in different perspective. The research helps the editor to study the filmmakers mind and give the exact cuts for their films. 5. | Research Questions What is editing? What are the types of editing? Is their any common rules followed by editors? How editing differ in various genre? How editing controls the tempo of film? How editing make the film better to view with more interest? How films are awarded in the categories of editing? How to study the filmmakers mind? Is editing took place more than the script? Is editors own style of cut make s the film good or bad? Chapter 2 Review of Literature Chapter 2 | Review of Literature In this fast moving world peoples took a short period of time for their entertainment. Film is one of the biggest entertainments for the people. So is our duty to give a quality entertainment film to the people. For this editing helps out a lot to achieve the full quality full length film. The literature which tells about the editing and it types, the history of editing and how it evolved from the past to present, the technique and principles of editing, tells whos the editor?, what he does? , whats his role in the film? And more 1. | Literature Review Film and video editing  By Roger Crittenden in the year 1995, this book gives the detail study of the film and technology of editing, the editing procedures, languages in editing. Its a great book to know about the editing in every perspective. And also he given the great examples from the past and the present film which shows the editors cut On film editing: an introduction to the art of film construction By Edward Dmytryk in 1984. It is a great book which shows the editing in all terms with the examples. The book tells the editor to what he wants to do in editing. Also the book has a great introduction. It covers the techniques and principles of editing. Film editing: history, theory and practice: looking at the invisible By Don Fairservice. In 2001. The book tells the challenging aspects of editing from the beginning to now. It tells the history and how the editing evolves and a detailed study about various aspects of editing. The technique of film and video editing: history, theory, and practice By Ken Dancyger third edition 2002. This book tells the editing in editors point of view. This book covered from the history techniques followed by the editors. It expresses the principles and way to cut for the different genre of films. Its the great book and inspiration for all the editors and directors. This book tells the ideas and the styles of the editors. The book can easily understandable. The technique of film editing  By Karel Reisz, Gavin Millar in 1953, it is an inspired book which states all the form of editing in simple way to all the people who wants to know about the film and the editing. It feeds the history definition, practice, principles, techniques, every aspects of editing. And it tells who the editor is. Its a great book for everyone. Nonlinear editing basics: electronic film and video editing By Steven E. Browne in 1998, the book states the editing basics. It tells all the technical basics of non-linear editing. Where it has to use? And it tells the different aspects of nonlinear editing. This book is the best guidance for the editors to non linear cut. In the Blink of an Eye: Second Edition Walter Murch in 2001. This book gives a nice ride to the editing world. Walter murch given this book in different perspective, He expresses the continuity and discontinuity in editing, dreaming and waking reality; the book states the emotional, technical aspects of editing. Nonlinear editing: storytelling, aesthetics, and craft By Bryce Button in 2002. This book is very use ful to all the editors. And it conveys the editors for their tools and techniques. And it tells the readers the importance of the emotion, timing the cut and the exact flow and pace. Film editing: the art of the expressive By Valerie Orpen in 2003. This book gives a simple introduction to the craft of editing in the non-silent film; the other tells the editing is very expressive. She examines the editing from the silent cinema. The Eye is Quicker: Film Editing Making a Film Better Richard D. Pepperman 2004 the most comprehensive book on the principles, methods, and strategies vital to the creative art of film editing. It shows how editing can make the film better. The Film Editing Room Handbook: How to Tame the Chaos of the Editing Room  by Norman Hollyn in 2009. The reader will get full vision of film making from this book. This book states the each and every aspect in film making process. It tells the work flow and how the film is edit in the cutting room. What the editor will do? Its a great book the reader can get many things about the filming and filming process from this book. Editors guild magazine by the editor deba neil (vol.25, no2-march/april 2003) she tells her different experience in different film genre. How the cut differ from the various type of films. Film editing: Tips and techniques for creating a compelling story by andy coughlan. The review tells about the editors must under stood the directors mind and the script. Also it tells some working tips in editing http://www.wildsound-filmmaking-feedback-events.com/film-editing.html the site tells about the editing techniques and two basic methods to edit the film. And also states some ideas to edit the film. http://www.introtoediting.com/ Copyright  © 2007 by Christina B. Douglas the site states about the editing in editors point of view. She explores her thoughts about the editing here and makes sense what is editing to the people. http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Film_editing Copyright  © 2010 Film editing is the only art that is unique to cinema, and it covers about the editing and its history. And more about the editing concerns. The above literature review helps this paper to evolve more and know more about the editing and filmmaking aspects. All the above books, reviews and sites are the guidance for this research paper. All the above literatures are inspired me to know more about the editing and experience the art and craft of editing. Research Methodology Chapter 3 | Research Methodology This paper carries the qualitative and quantitative process. The content and the other concerns for this research paper from the secondary source like literature, article, websites, books and forums for the qualitative and the interview and survey for the quantitative. The research for this paper will base on this resource on both qualitative and quantitative. It explains about the editing and it helps to know more about the various phenomena of editing. The resources here is used to make this research to states the following editing aspects in both qualitative and quantitative research Based on the research paper to tell and know about the editing Definition, History, Types, Rules and Techniques, editing language, types of cut, about editor, about cutting room, tells how cut differ from films and editors, and more The paper will be reviewing the films which awarded for editing. And more other films based on editing In the quantitative research the research paper states the editors mind. And their own fun and works in films through cut. And to find the cut tricks and techniques which make the film better and effective. The research will be hardly holds the every resource of both qualitative and quantitative to critically evaluate how editing makes the film more effective which is my aim in this paper.

Christopher Marlowes Dr. Faustus - An Insatiable Desire for Knowledge,

Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus - Corrupted by an Insatiable Desire for Knowledge, Wealth And Power The Renaissance period is characterized by a grand desire for acquisition of knowledge and a passion for emerging individuality.   "Scholars and educators   . . . began to emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture, in contrast to the medieval emphasis on God and contempt for the things in this world" (Slights 129).   However, the whirlwind of change brought on by the budding ideas of Humanist thinkers was met with a cautious warning by one the greatest writers of the era.   Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus acts as mask, containing and disguising the dramatist's criticisms of Renaissance thinking.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus is, in many ways, reflective of humankind's struggle to balance new ideas with existing traditional thoughts as the world neared the 17th century.   At the time this play was written, "Elizabethans saw the world as a vast, unified, hierarchical order, or 'Great Chain of Being,' created by God" (139).   At the very depths of this hierarchy lay the innate objects and at the top sat God and the angels, with the plant and animal kingdoms falling somewhere in the middle.   Humans were believed to sit just above the animals, as they possessed souls and free will.   It is said that humans could develop and reside "a little lower than the angels" or degenerate and fall to the level of the animals (139).   Faustus is striving to rise towards the angels in his quest for human advancement, but ironically, he ends up plummeting to the depths of Hell.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The drama Dr. Faustus illustrates Marlowe's two main concerns for the human mind at the turn of the 17th ... ...twines the vast differences with prolific language and a shocking storyline.   The play's tragic conclusion marks Marlowe's detachment from the morale plays of his generation.   Its tragic conclusion leaves the Renaissance audience with a sense of despair, but also with a resolve to avoid the wicked desires embodied by Faustus. Works Cited Barnett, Sylvan, ed. Doctor Faustus / Christopher Marowe: edited and with an introd. by Sylvan Barnett. New York: New American Library, 1969. Etienne, Gilson. Reasons and Revelations in the Middle Ages. New York: New York, 1938. Marlowe, Christopher.   "Doctor Faustus."   The Genius of the Early English Theatre.   Sylvan Barnet, Morton Berman & William Burto, eds.   New York:   Meridian, 1990. 95-161. Slights, William. New Ways of Looking at the Renaissance. Binghamton, New York: Renaissance English Text Society, 1993.

Essays --

In this paper I will be discussing the topic of if being a Leader is natural or if a Leader can be made. If leadership can be taught, there are several ideas that have to be done. First there would have to be leadership teachers, or people who have some sort of knowledge of leading and can teach this to others. Second, someone would need to want to learn and believe that leadership education can help them become a leader. In my opinion I believe a leader is born and is someone who just has the instincts to lead others or take charge of a situation. I believe that there are classes that can help people become more secure in interacting with others and working in certain situations that can help them manage, But when the going gets tough I think that someone that has just been taught certain traits will not be able to handle the heat. A Leader in my opinion just has the instincts to adapt to all situations and deal with it the best way possible. Some ideas that someone can become or be taught how to be a leader are that you just need the proper teachers or strategy, for example the U...

Introduction to Psychology Reaction Paper Guidelines

Introduction to Psychology Reaction Paper Guidelines Definition of Genre: In a reaction or response paper, writers respond to one or more texts they have read. A popular assignment with instructors in the social sciences and humanities, such papers require students to understand each text individually and evaluate how well each accomplishes its own objectives. If you are responding to multiple texts, you must also discover how the texts relate to one another. (If responding to just one text, you might need to situate it within the larger context of class discussions, readings, etc. , depending on the prompt. A reaction paper may include a discussion of interesting questions that the readings raise for the student, but such a discussion is not sufficient by itself. Preparation: Writing good response papers is more demanding than it might appear at first. It is not simply a matter of reading the text, understanding it, and expressing an opinion about it. You must allow yourself enough time to be clear about what each text says and how the texts all relate to one another. In other words, response papers require you to synthesize the intellectual work of others—that is, bring it together into an integrated whole.In preparing to write response papers, therefore, it is crucial that you allow yourself not just enough time to do the readings but enough to digest what you have read and to put the results together into a unified account. ( h t t p : / / u w p . a a s . d u k e . e d u / w s t u d i o) Questions to ask while reading the article: Use the â€Å"Template for Analyzing the Logic of an Article. † The questions from the template do not necessary need to be answered in the paper. They are just questions you need to understand in order to comprehend the articles.Questions to ask while preparing to write your paper: Refer to â€Å"Universal Intellectual Standards† and â€Å"Questions Using the Elements of Thought. † Instructions for pap er formatting: For our purposes, we will be using APA format. You will not need an Abstract, but you will need the following sections listed below. Use the guidelines sent via e-mail or found on the APA web site (www. apa. org) for help. I highly recommend reviewing the APA information that was sent via e-mail and can be found on the course website under Resources: Links: APA Formatting & Plagiarism Links. Content: in margins, 12 point font, typed, double spaced, APA format, 3-8 pages of text, 1 Reference Page, and 1 Title Page. Address the questions in essay style, don’t just answer questions. Note: The longest sections of your paper will be the reaction and application sections. Paragraph(s) Requirements: You MUST include the following six bold items when submitting your paper. 1. Title Page- The first page of your paper must be an APA style title page. Use the guidelines found on the APA web site (www. apa. org) for help. 1. Summary- In 1-2 paragraphs, you are to summarize the material to which you are reacting.Make sure you state the title of the work and authors in the paper. Do not merely repeat the text. Should you feel the need to selectively use quotations from the material, put them in quotations and follow APA formatting. When paraphrasing the material (which is what you will be doing the majority of the paper,) you MUST include in-text citations. Although APA format may be new to many of you, you are familiar with MLA which also requires in-text citations when discussing the material. If you are citing material learned from lecture you will cite me as an interview: (R Shepherd, personal communication, August 15, 2009. Failure to cite your material correctly constitutes plagiarism and will result in a zero. Please refer to the Academic Integrity Form you signed at the beginning of the semester for the definitions and consequences of plagiarism. 2. Critique-In 2 paragraphs or more, you are to critically analyze the material you are reacting to . Note, critique does not mean simply saying something negative about the text. Your analysis should address issues such as one or more of the following: a) Does the writer present these ideas (the researcher) fairly or are they slanted? ) What are the strengths and weaknesses of the research provided in the article? c) What could be added to this material to make it better or more complete? When working on the critique section of your paper, you should use your knowledge of research methods learned at the beginning of the semester, as well as any material covered during class lecture that relates to the article being critiqued. 3. Reaction- Give your personal reaction to this material. This is your opportunity to express your opinion about the research.However, keep in mind that you are an introductory student and these researchers have been studying longer than you have been alive. Know the limits of your knowledge and state that if it’s necessary. Your reactions could incl ude any or all of these points: a. Why do you think this research was good/bad? b. Did you agree/disagree with the research? Why or why not? You must back up your claims with science and relevant material discussed in class. c. What did you find surprising about the article? 4. Application- How does this material relate to society/lecture material/psychology? What is the BIG picture?Explain in detail. What are the implications of this research being used in society? Is its application good, bad, or both? 5. Reference Section- While following APA guidelines, you are required to include a Reference section at the end of your Reaction Paper. You must cite at least the article in which you have read and any other sources you have referred to, including the textbook. If you fail to complete a Reference Section you are committing plagiarism and will receive a zero. Please refer to the Academic Integrity Form you signed at the beginning of the semester for the consequences of plagiarism.

Santa Ines

1. Discuss the importance of philosophy. Why philosophy? Tell something about a philosopher and his philosophy? Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language Philosophic thought is an inescapable part of human existence. Almost everyone has been puzzled from time to time by such essentially philosophic questions as â€Å"What does life mean? † â€Å"Did I have any existence before I was born? † and â€Å"Is there life after death? † Most people also have some kind of philosophy in the sense of a personal outlook on life.Even a person who claims that considering philosophic questions is a waste of time is expressing what is important, worthwhile, or valuable. A rejection of all philosophy is in itself philosophy. ( Pilosopiko-iisip ay isang hindi maiwasan bahagi ng tao-iral. Halos ang lahat ay tuliro sa pana-panahon sa pamamagitan ng tulad mahalagang pilos opiko tanong ng â€Å"Ano ang ibig sabihin ay ang buhay? † â€Å"Hindi ko anumang pagkakaroon bago ako ay ipinanganak? † at â€Å"Mayroon bang buhay pagkatapos ng kamatayan? † Karamihan sa mga tao ay mayroon ding ilang mga uri ng pilosopiya sa kamalayan ng isang personal na pananaw sa buhay.Kahit na isang tao na claim na isinasaalang-alang ang mga pilosopiko katanungan ay isang basura ng oras ay pagpapahayag ng kung ano ang mahalaga, sulit, o mahalagang. Isang pagtanggi ng lahat ng pilosopiya sa mismong pilosopiya. ) By studying philosophy, people can clarify what they believe, and they can be stimulated to think about ultimate questions. A person can study philosophers of the past to discover why they thought as they did and what value their thoughts may have in one's own life. There are people who simply enjoy reading the great philosophers, especially those who were also great writers. Sa pamamagitan ng pag-aaral pilosopiya, ang mga tao ay maaaring linawin ku ng ano ang pinaniniwalaan nilang, at maaaring sila ay stimulated upang isipin ang tungkol sa mga ultimate tanong. Ang isang tao ay maaaring pag-aralan ang mga philosophers ng nakaraan upang matuklasan kung bakit ang inisip nila tulad ng kanilang ginawa at kung ano ang pinahahalagahan kanilang mga pananaw ay maaaring magkaroon ng sariling buhay. May mga taong simpleng mga bisita sa pagbabasa ang mga dakilang philosophers, lalo na ang mga na mahusay na manunulat. ) PLATOGood people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws. â€Å"(Mabuting tao ay hindi kailangan batas upang sabihin sa kanila na kumilos responsable, habang ang mga masamang tao ay makahanap ng isang paraan sa paligid ng batas. â€Å") There is no harm in repeating a good thing. If you continue doing a good thing, then you will feel good. For example, working hard, if you take the time to work hard it will pay off in the end. Don't let a good thing slip away, you may only have one chance to keep it. 2. discus the common nation of love by manuel dy jr?

Reconstruction of African Americans Dbq Essay

New Societies, new people, and new communities usually originate as a result of migration. People decide to move from one place to another for better opportunities, better lives, and new challenges. This remains true for the African American race as well. It has been believed that the original migration took place in 1619 when African Americans arrived to Jamestown, Virginia. However, the first African Americans migrated to the United States almost a century earlier in the 1500’s coming from Mexico and the Caribbean to the Spanish territories of Florida, Texas, and other parts of the South. African-American Migration Experience Though many migrated to the U. S. voluntarily, most African Americans were victims of massive enslavement. War, slave raiding, kidnapping and political religious struggle accounted for the vast majority of Africans deported to the Americas. African Americans were forced into slavery. Many children were kidnapped and sold as slaves. There were those of which who rebelled by refusing to be enslaved that would be expelled from their homes and families then either murdered or forced to be slaves. Slavery developed because the Northern Africans had a monopoly over spices, gold, and other commodities that the Europeans wanted. Europe would send ships back and forth to Africa to trade goods and in the process they were able to grow comfortable with navigating the seas. As a result, Europe was able to develop very good shipbuilding skills that in turn led to the sending of large vessels. That moved the Portuguese to add an additional commodity to their cargo: African men, women, and children. The Portuguese then used African Americans as slaves to work their sugar plantations. Over time English and Dutch ships preyed on the Portugal vessels for slaves, while raiding and looting the African mainland. Slaves were brought to the United States of America during the triangular trade. Ships were built to handle a maximum of 350 people, but Europeans would transport over 800 men, women, and children under some of the harshest conditions. Slaves would be branded, stripped naked during the entire trip, lying down in the midst of filth, all while enduring unbearable heat. All slaves went through frightening, incredibly brutal and dehumanizing experiences. Women and children were raped for the pleasures of the crew. The sick were tossed overboard unto the sea. People who tried to starve themselves to death were forced to eat by the torturing of scolding hot coal pressed onto their bodies. African-American Migration Experience Those who survived the Middle Passage arrived to America only to encounter more grief. They were sent to plantations and farms for agricultural duties. They were used for mining, and placed in towns as servants. In South Carolina and Georgia they grew rice, cotton, and indigo. In Louisiana they slaved over sugarcane plantations. They labored over tobacco farms in Virginia and Maryland. This went on until 1808 when the United States abolished its slave trade from Africa. However, slave trade went on unabated until 1860. In 1898 the boll weevil ate its way through Texas and proceeded to eat its way East across the South. The cotton was destroyed and slaves were thrown off of the land. After WWI there was an economic boom that resulted in the need for agricultural work, but unfortunately most states in the South passed the Jim Crow laws that discriminated against African Americans and led to segregation. African Americans couldn’t attend the same schools as white Americans. They couldn’t use facilities such as restaurants, theaters, hotels, cinemas, and public baths. Public transportation was also segregated and in some states marriage between white and black people. African Americans were at the mercy of landlords, abusive employers, and almost anyone set on depriving them of their rights. This went on until president Franklin D. Roosevelt was forced to issue an executive order mandating the end to racial discrimination. The Fair Employment Practices Committee was created to enforce this mandate, which acted as the launching pad that would bare dividends in the future. Riots erupted in 1943, leading to beatings, deaths, and arrest. African American then resulted to boycotts and sit-ins during the Civil Rights movement. As a result, the Supreme Court reversed the separate but equal doctrine in 1954, ruling in Brown v. Board of Education. There was also the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act that signaled an attack on Jim Crow. The African-American Migration Experience This report reveals the enormous amount of pain, grief, and violence suffered by my ancestors during slavery. I am so appreciative to all those people who marched, boycotted, and endured the pain and suffering so that my children and I could have the freedom to eat in any restaurant, sleep at any hotel, drink water out of any fountain, and go to school to get a good education. I may not be able to relate culturally to the ethnic group that I have written about because I am way too young, but that doesn’t change the fact that I recognize what they fought and stood for and I plan to make sure that my children are taught the history of how African Americans migrated to the United States, and what they went through to get here. References In Motion. The African-American Migration Experience. Retrieved April 9, 2007, from http://www. inmotionaame. org/home. cfm.

Disneyland

Marketing plan for HK Disneyland Disneyland is the strong brand name in the world. Hong Kong is home to the fifth Disney Resort in the world and the city's landscape and vibrant, diverse culture have inspired our Imagineers to create a variety of entertainment that is unique to Hong Kong Disneyland Resort. Hong Kong Disneyland Resort brings the magic of a world-class entertainment experience to people of all ages. Nowadays, HK Disneyland will be competing with local and other country theme park . More competitors go into share the market. The following is explain more about plan for our company marketing planning on the few years Executive Summary HK Disneyland is preparing to launch more products, services and more attraction. To arrive this goals, I think enlarge to develop it. Our objective is creating news product/service and get more customer . Our company wills offers a unique combination of features at value-added price. We are target on different segments customers. It can be make higher demands in the future. Moreover, objective is to achieve market share leader and financial objectives are achieve sales revenues increased more by 50% , the number of family tourists has increased by 20%, whereas the number of tourists aged below 16 has increased by 35% over the same period. HK Disneyland is a long-term investment and an important component of our tourism infrastructure. It helps develop Hong Kong into the premier destination for family tourists in the region due to growth of visitors. Current Marketing Situation HK Disneyland faces to hypercompetitors and many theme parks in the theme park entertainment market. For example, Singapore Universal Studios, Ocean Park is enlarging the area and build a hotel, Shanghai Disneyland will build. Diversification products/services are increasing popular today; forecasts suggest that annual sales of such devices will grow more than 50% for the next few years. More visitors income increased and life standard quality is improving due to their country economy turns better , so visitors is growth especially China visitors. China government has loosen the entry restrictions for citizens of many different countries. Hence, more intense demands are increasing. Moreover, nowadays rapid development of information technology, we can find some information and buy ticket and hotel in internet . New technology can improve our service too! The market segments will target all (we don’t ignore generation Y, because they are willing spend money on this status but still concentrate the family segments. China market has 20 millions children, we can solve their tension and make them fulfillment. To gain market share in dynamic environment, Disneyland must carefully target specific segments with features that deliver benefits valued by each customer group. Market Description HK Disneyland welcome all different age of visitors to come for has a fun. Specific segment being targeted include Baby boomer, Honeymooners, family such as Full nester, Student, Generation Y, Children . The following table shows how Disneyland suits the needs of targeted consumer segment. Disneyland consists of different product and service to cater the customer. E. g. Baby boomer like to watch parade and fireworks; Honeymooners take a photo for wedding album; family bring the child to see stage show ;student and generation Y enjoy the exciting rides and musical; children like cartoon character. In fact, all this entertainment facility is popular and caters all of the segments. Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Baby Boomer |- Sight seeing |- Inspiration Lake and Recreation Center | | |- with rich experience and extensive |- Park Promenade | | |knowledge |- Arboretum | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | |- Musical | |Honeymooners |- Desire romantic atmosphere |- Spa in hotel | | | |- Disneyland theme hotel | | | |- Romantic dinning restaurant | | | |- Take photo with cartoon character | |Family such as Full nester |-For relax and have a fun |- 3D film | | with child |-Have happy experience |- Musical | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | | |- Cartoon character | | | |- Rides | | | |- All activities and entertainment | Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Generation Y & student |- Exciting |- Rides such as Space Mountains | | |- Attractive |- Different and unique attraction such as 3D | | |- Cater friend gathering and have a fun |film, Musical | | |- Entertainments |- Halloween for scared ghost house, bright | | | |decorations of Christmas, celebrate the seasons| | | |with events | |Corporate users |- Convention room for meeting |- Explore the unique, modern and adaptable | | |- Banquet and event |places to host your guests | | |- |- Big area space for party | New Services To sustainable our company benefit, we need to Continuous improving firm. Add more values to satisfy our customers, therefore we can attack other competitors and bring our long term profit! I suggest some new service and how to product-market expansion. The following is includes market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. For the transportation, we can provide shuttle bus. Because customers think that when they going to back home from Disneyland, they think take the bus to home is very far and consumes a long time. They want to back home quickly and don’t want to wait a bus for a long time. To convenience them, we supply shuttle bus in the peak hour in the peak seasonal such as Halloween, Christmas events. We only provide single journey from Disneyland to center (e. g. Mongkok ) . It can solve people crowed and block. For new services, we would like add new technology in it. Such as Wi-FI in Disneyland, Mobile iPhone apps, hotel IP phone 5. ; Also, when customers watch the 3D film, we can provide functional Audio translator player to our come from different country visitors. They can use this player to choice their language to watch; For the disable or handicapped segment, we cant ignore them. We can provide guide dog to guide this group people visit around. We also have our crew to assist them. They can able to have good memory and experience. Moreover, we create a tour for disable and handicapped this group segment, because they want to have a fun but they need to pecial look after careful for them. This group really wants to visit but their family cannot take them out due to family member busy work. So that this group people can join our tour . They can feel our love and care them. They feel very touching . We will insert Story telling activities. Through cartoon character telling education sto ry to children, they can learn more. They also can offer special price tickets and souvenir and first priority to enjoy our attraction and entertainment ; In additional, Baby boomer care about her health on her age. So we can add some health product/services elements in it. We can take some vacant lands to be farm. This farm is farming organic foods and fruit. We can teach them how to farm and give some health knowledge to them. I believe that it have health and education elements . Every people like it and popular. Family like it much of this family tour; I would like to add circus. Performers may wear cartoon clothes to perform. It can target all segment. They don’t need outbound to see ; Insert Ferris Wheel in Disneyland ,more attraction and romantic ; Also, Take a land for four seasons garden. This garden has different varieties beauty flower and plants. In different season have different flowers to display; Then, I suggest customer take a cartoon clothes to wear and taking photo. Let the participants involved (emerging trend) , they think so funny! ; Final, most of the tourists is interesting to know more our company at the back such as the stage at the back ,how performers change their perform uniform so quick? How do the performers make up†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ etc. They are very interesting and want to explore the mysterious world of Disneyland. We can offer this suggestion to them. These new services and product is personalization. It can create and attract potential customers. We can make potential customer change to our actual customers. They will think more worth to visit! Competitive Review New theme park and new attraction sights to enter this market in the world. It has pressures industry participants to continually add features and cut prices. Competitions from specialized devices for sms, email messaging, invest lots of money on shopping mall. Key competitors include: – Ocean Park target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. They have exciting entertainment such as rides and also have sightseeing such as shows, animal exhibits. Those activities brings the culture and education value. – Universal Studios Singapore target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. Tourists explore world’s largest Marine life park, ride the movieâ„ ¢ at studio, catch Animatronics performance, meeting at largest column –free ballroom. Competitor |Targeted Segment |Features |Price | |Ocean Park |All group |Aquarium, The abyss turbo drop, Ocean theatre, Sea jelly |Adult | | | |spectacular, Skyfair, Space Wheel, Sightseeing tower, |$ 250 | | | |Panda, Alligator, dolphins |Children | | | | |$ 125 | |Universal Studios Singapore |All group |Roller coasters, movie-themed shows, ocean’s creatures, |Adult | | | |FestiveWalk, Maritime Xperiential Museum,Spa,Villa,Wedding |$ 365 | | | |banquet, Best dinning and atmosphere |Children | | | | |$ 265 | Despite this strong competition, Disneyland can carve out definite image nag gain recognition among targeted segment. Our voice-recognition features for fairy stories , Disneyland cartoon ,firework and Disney souvenirs. That is differentiation for competitive advantage. Also, they got good experience and unforgettable memory after they visit. Moreover, HK Disneyland has some product and services are HK Disneyland own and innovation such as it is a small world; the largest world film screen; three theme attractions, that are innovation and own in HK Disneyland and will not appear from other Disneyland; Besides, we have Toy Story Campus at HK Disneyland , that is innovation in Asia. TOWS MATRIX – DISNEYLAND | |Strengths (S) |Weaknesses (W) | | |Exclusive | | | -Disneyland patent right in HK(first cartoon |Smaller area size compare with other Disneyland | | |theme park) |Not attractive to generation Y. ( no more amusement| | |High standard of service |rides) | | |Strong brand name |Unchanged visual merchandising | | |Customer loyalty and have celebrity recommend|Less attraction | | |and support. | | |Strong network and support by HK government | | | |Comfort environment and warm atmosphere | | |Opportunities (O) |SO Strategies |WO Strategies | | | | | |Emerging trends destination |Take advertisement in family always visit |Enlarge Disneyland | |Solo tour (China Market) |place and internet. |- E. g. Disney Seas (a water world theme park) | |Pricing is cheaper than other Disneyland |Promotion to China market. |likes Tokyo | |Demand increasing due to people living |Provide diversification items in a program |2. To build up more attractive and values on | |standard enhanced, visitors growth up and |To promote Disneyland hotel and resort |Disneyland | |JPD rate raised |proving good services and quality |3. ) Don’t ignore target to generation Y. | |Threats (T) |ST Strategies |WT Strategies | |Increased competition. -Some countries |Offer special price for some seasonal |Review market strategy and whether need to | |built theme park are similar with |Insert Joint-related discount with other |refresh. | |Disneyland. E. g. : EVERLAND in Korea |brand company promotion |Create new customer and new product/service. | |,Universal Studies . Bring them to reminds of their childhood |Build image are sui table for all segment group | |Increased competition market share and |memory |Continuous improving firm and attend more SCR | |pressure on pricing ( Shanghai Disneyland)| |(Society corporate reasonability. | | | | | Objectives and Issues I have ser aggressive but achievable for the first and second years of market entry. First-year Objectives We are aiming for raising market share percentage; people aware of HK Disneyland and make them recall ; more different segments love and visit and make a buzz. Second- year Objectives Our second- year Objectives are to achieve market leader and keep it stable and keep for a long time. Increases the popular level in world and make tourists first priority to visit it. Also, have good profit revenue. ] Issues Our major issue is the ability to establish a well-regarded brand name with meaningful position. We must invest heavily in marketing to create a memorable and distinctive brand image projecting innovation, values, benefit. We also must measure awareness and response we can adjust our marketing efforts as necessary. Marketing Strategy Positioning Visit Disneyland differentiation, we are positioning as the most value and benefits added to visit. The friend and family gathering place. The strategy will focus on the attraction, entertainment, good atmosphere. Remind they will have unforgettable memory and remind they will loss if they never come. Product/Service/people strategy Tell the public that we will provide training to our staff, so our customers can feel our services have excellent quality service to provide. We will treat our staff happy, then staff can make happy and motivate to our customer. We will display beautiful, bright and well decoration, comfort environment, enjoyment , wonderment sight seeing and has a gorgeous time in the park . Price and promotion strategy We expect to lower the price of tickets when we expand and launch new attraction. We will do some promotion of tickets and hotel. We will make some promotion and discount in dull seasonal. Because it can attract more people to come. Also, student and disable person offer some discount; offer some package for family segment. If customer birthday or wedding anniversary or Disneyland anniversary, we also offer big discount and gifts for them . Moreover, we will contact some corporate and company to joint-relate discount. For example, if they shopping at Eugenegroup shop and purchase, they take the shop receipt can get special offer price. Then, we will launch new Disney cartoon souvenirs (Limited sale and limited version) in a year. It can attract customer to come and collect this valuable products. Place strategy Because is a fairy tale theme park, therefore the choice of location far away person smoke already place, the coordination specially designs the MTR subway to lead the paradise; The entire design extremely coordinates the paradise subject, enters the singularly varied paradise by the world through the tunnel. Establish strategic business units (SBUs) The Walt Disney Company Disneyland Disney Cruise Line Disneyland Hotel and Resort Disneyland souvenirs store Disneyland restaurant Action Programs Following are summaries of the action programes : 2010 July – 2011 July: Press Release: Hong Kong Disneyland Announces Expansion Plans. -Will have new Attractions in Disney and I phone apps -Concentrate to promote for China market on advertisements ( Media, web site,facebook. ) -Create and held on new different events for celebration and ceremony. 2011 July- 2012 July: -Make slogan and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group -To announce one of the new attractions is opening. -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments. – Keep promoting for China market -Sale promotion -Do more SCR and charity. Insert the new service such as for disable tour and new technology. -Photograph competition 2012 July- 2013July: Press Release: -All new products and new services finished to built and playing gradually. (details of new service and product ,see the above-mentioned articles -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments for the entire world. – Keep promoting for China market -Do more SCR and charity. – Slogan again and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group – Sale promotion continuing -Review the annual report Disneyland Marketing plan for HK Disneyland Disneyland is the strong brand name in the world. Hong Kong is home to the fifth Disney Resort in the world and the city's landscape and vibrant, diverse culture have inspired our Imagineers to create a variety of entertainment that is unique to Hong Kong Disneyland Resort. Hong Kong Disneyland Resort brings the magic of a world-class entertainment experience to people of all ages. Nowadays, HK Disneyland will be competing with local and other country theme park . More competitors go into share the market. The following is explain more about plan for our company marketing planning on the few years Executive Summary HK Disneyland is preparing to launch more products, services and more attraction. To arrive this goals, I think enlarge to develop it. Our objective is creating news product/service and get more customer . Our company wills offers a unique combination of features at value-added price. We are target on different segments customers. It can be make higher demands in the future. Moreover, objective is to achieve market share leader and financial objectives are achieve sales revenues increased more by 50% , the number of family tourists has increased by 20%, whereas the number of tourists aged below 16 has increased by 35% over the same period. HK Disneyland is a long-term investment and an important component of our tourism infrastructure. It helps develop Hong Kong into the premier destination for family tourists in the region due to growth of visitors. Current Marketing Situation HK Disneyland faces to hypercompetitors and many theme parks in the theme park entertainment market. For example, Singapore Universal Studios, Ocean Park is enlarging the area and build a hotel, Shanghai Disneyland will build. Diversification products/services are increasing popular today; forecasts suggest that annual sales of such devices will grow more than 50% for the next few years. More visitors income increased and life standard quality is improving due to their country economy turns better , so visitors is growth especially China visitors. China government has loosen the entry restrictions for citizens of many different countries. Hence, more intense demands are increasing. Moreover, nowadays rapid development of information technology, we can find some information and buy ticket and hotel in internet . New technology can improve our service too! The market segments will target all (we don’t ignore generation Y, because they are willing spend money on this status but still concentrate the family segments. China market has 20 millions children, we can solve their tension and make them fulfillment. To gain market share in dynamic environment, Disneyland must carefully target specific segments with features that deliver benefits valued by each customer group. Market Description HK Disneyland welcome all different age of visitors to come for has a fun. Specific segment being targeted include Baby boomer, Honeymooners, family such as Full nester, Student, Generation Y, Children . The following table shows how Disneyland suits the needs of targeted consumer segment. Disneyland consists of different product and service to cater the customer. E. g. Baby boomer like to watch parade and fireworks; Honeymooners take a photo for wedding album; family bring the child to see stage show ;student and generation Y enjoy the exciting rides and musical; children like cartoon character. In fact, all this entertainment facility is popular and caters all of the segments. Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Baby Boomer |- Sight seeing |- Inspiration Lake and Recreation Center | | |- with rich experience and extensive |- Park Promenade | | |knowledge |- Arboretum | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | |- Musical | |Honeymooners |- Desire romantic atmosphere |- Spa in hotel | | | |- Disneyland theme hotel | | | |- Romantic dinning restaurant | | | |- Take photo with cartoon character | |Family such as Full nester |-For relax and have a fun |- 3D film | | with child |-Have happy experience |- Musical | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | | |- Cartoon character | | | |- Rides | | | |- All activities and entertainment | Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Generation Y & student |- Exciting |- Rides such as Space Mountains | | |- Attractive |- Different and unique attraction such as 3D | | |- Cater friend gathering and have a fun |film, Musical | | |- Entertainments |- Halloween for scared ghost house, bright | | | |decorations of Christmas, celebrate the seasons| | | |with events | |Corporate users |- Convention room for meeting |- Explore the unique, modern and adaptable | | |- Banquet and event |places to host your guests | | |- |- Big area space for party | New Services To sustainable our company benefit, we need to Continuous improving firm. Add more values to satisfy our customers, therefore we can attack other competitors and bring our long term profit! I suggest some new service and how to product-market expansion. The following is includes market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. For the transportation, we can provide shuttle bus. Because customers think that when they going to back home from Disneyland, they think take the bus to home is very far and consumes a long time. They want to back home quickly and don’t want to wait a bus for a long time. To convenience them, we supply shuttle bus in the peak hour in the peak seasonal such as Halloween, Christmas events. We only provide single journey from Disneyland to center (e. g. Mongkok ) . It can solve people crowed and block. For new services, we would like add new technology in it. Such as Wi-FI in Disneyland, Mobile iPhone apps, hotel IP phone 5. ; Also, when customers watch the 3D film, we can provide functional Audio translator player to our come from different country visitors. They can use this player to choice their language to watch; For the disable or handicapped segment, we cant ignore them. We can provide guide dog to guide this group people visit around. We also have our crew to assist them. They can able to have good memory and experience. Moreover, we create a tour for disable and handicapped this group segment, because they want to have a fun but they need to pecial look after careful for them. This group really wants to visit but their family cannot take them out due to family member busy work. So that this group people can join our tour . They can feel our love and care them. They feel very touching . We will insert Story telling activities. Through cartoon character telling education sto ry to children, they can learn more. They also can offer special price tickets and souvenir and first priority to enjoy our attraction and entertainment ; In additional, Baby boomer care about her health on her age. So we can add some health product/services elements in it. We can take some vacant lands to be farm. This farm is farming organic foods and fruit. We can teach them how to farm and give some health knowledge to them. I believe that it have health and education elements . Every people like it and popular. Family like it much of this family tour; I would like to add circus. Performers may wear cartoon clothes to perform. It can target all segment. They don’t need outbound to see ; Insert Ferris Wheel in Disneyland ,more attraction and romantic ; Also, Take a land for four seasons garden. This garden has different varieties beauty flower and plants. In different season have different flowers to display; Then, I suggest customer take a cartoon clothes to wear and taking photo. Let the participants involved (emerging trend) , they think so funny! ; Final, most of the tourists is interesting to know more our company at the back such as the stage at the back ,how performers change their perform uniform so quick? How do the performers make up†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ etc. They are very interesting and want to explore the mysterious world of Disneyland. We can offer this suggestion to them. These new services and product is personalization. It can create and attract potential customers. We can make potential customer change to our actual customers. They will think more worth to visit! Competitive Review New theme park and new attraction sights to enter this market in the world. It has pressures industry participants to continually add features and cut prices. Competitions from specialized devices for sms, email messaging, invest lots of money on shopping mall. Key competitors include: – Ocean Park target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. They have exciting entertainment such as rides and also have sightseeing such as shows, animal exhibits. Those activities brings the culture and education value. – Universal Studios Singapore target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. Tourists explore world’s largest Marine life park, ride the movieâ„ ¢ at studio, catch Animatronics performance, meeting at largest column –free ballroom. Competitor |Targeted Segment |Features |Price | |Ocean Park |All group |Aquarium, The abyss turbo drop, Ocean theatre, Sea jelly |Adult | | | |spectacular, Skyfair, Space Wheel, Sightseeing tower, |$ 250 | | | |Panda, Alligator, dolphins |Children | | | | |$ 125 | |Universal Studios Singapore |All group |Roller coasters, movie-themed shows, ocean’s creatures, |Adult | | | |FestiveWalk, Maritime Xperiential Museum,Spa,Villa,Wedding |$ 365 | | | |banquet, Best dinning and atmosphere |Children | | | | |$ 265 | Despite this strong competition, Disneyland can carve out definite image nag gain recognition among targeted segment. Our voice-recognition features for fairy stories , Disneyland cartoon ,firework and Disney souvenirs. That is differentiation for competitive advantage. Also, they got good experience and unforgettable memory after they visit. Moreover, HK Disneyland has some product and services are HK Disneyland own and innovation such as it is a small world; the largest world film screen; three theme attractions, that are innovation and own in HK Disneyland and will not appear from other Disneyland; Besides, we have Toy Story Campus at HK Disneyland , that is innovation in Asia. TOWS MATRIX – DISNEYLAND | |Strengths (S) |Weaknesses (W) | | |Exclusive | | | -Disneyland patent right in HK(first cartoon |Smaller area size compare with other Disneyland | | |theme park) |Not attractive to generation Y. ( no more amusement| | |High standard of service |rides) | | |Strong brand name |Unchanged visual merchandising | | |Customer loyalty and have celebrity recommend|Less attraction | | |and support. | | |Strong network and support by HK government | | | |Comfort environment and warm atmosphere | | |Opportunities (O) |SO Strategies |WO Strategies | | | | | |Emerging trends destination |Take advertisement in family always visit |Enlarge Disneyland | |Solo tour (China Market) |place and internet. |- E. g. Disney Seas (a water world theme park) | |Pricing is cheaper than other Disneyland |Promotion to China market. |likes Tokyo | |Demand increasing due to people living |Provide diversification items in a program |2. To build up more attractive and values on | |standard enhanced, visitors growth up and |To promote Disneyland hotel and resort |Disneyland | |JPD rate raised |proving good services and quality |3. ) Don’t ignore target to generation Y. | |Threats (T) |ST Strategies |WT Strategies | |Increased competition. -Some countries |Offer special price for some seasonal |Review market strategy and whether need to | |built theme park are similar with |Insert Joint-related discount with other |refresh. | |Disneyland. E. g. : EVERLAND in Korea |brand company promotion |Create new customer and new product/service. | |,Universal Studies . Bring them to reminds of their childhood |Build image are sui table for all segment group | |Increased competition market share and |memory |Continuous improving firm and attend more SCR | |pressure on pricing ( Shanghai Disneyland)| |(Society corporate reasonability. | | | | | Objectives and Issues I have ser aggressive but achievable for the first and second years of market entry. First-year Objectives We are aiming for raising market share percentage; people aware of HK Disneyland and make them recall ; more different segments love and visit and make a buzz. Second- year Objectives Our second- year Objectives are to achieve market leader and keep it stable and keep for a long time. Increases the popular level in world and make tourists first priority to visit it. Also, have good profit revenue. ] Issues Our major issue is the ability to establish a well-regarded brand name with meaningful position. We must invest heavily in marketing to create a memorable and distinctive brand image projecting innovation, values, benefit. We also must measure awareness and response we can adjust our marketing efforts as necessary. Marketing Strategy Positioning Visit Disneyland differentiation, we are positioning as the most value and benefits added to visit. The friend and family gathering place. The strategy will focus on the attraction, entertainment, good atmosphere. Remind they will have unforgettable memory and remind they will loss if they never come. Product/Service/people strategy Tell the public that we will provide training to our staff, so our customers can feel our services have excellent quality service to provide. We will treat our staff happy, then staff can make happy and motivate to our customer. We will display beautiful, bright and well decoration, comfort environment, enjoyment , wonderment sight seeing and has a gorgeous time in the park . Price and promotion strategy We expect to lower the price of tickets when we expand and launch new attraction. We will do some promotion of tickets and hotel. We will make some promotion and discount in dull seasonal. Because it can attract more people to come. Also, student and disable person offer some discount; offer some package for family segment. If customer birthday or wedding anniversary or Disneyland anniversary, we also offer big discount and gifts for them . Moreover, we will contact some corporate and company to joint-relate discount. For example, if they shopping at Eugenegroup shop and purchase, they take the shop receipt can get special offer price. Then, we will launch new Disney cartoon souvenirs (Limited sale and limited version) in a year. It can attract customer to come and collect this valuable products. Place strategy Because is a fairy tale theme park, therefore the choice of location far away person smoke already place, the coordination specially designs the MTR subway to lead the paradise; The entire design extremely coordinates the paradise subject, enters the singularly varied paradise by the world through the tunnel. Establish strategic business units (SBUs) The Walt Disney Company Disneyland Disney Cruise Line Disneyland Hotel and Resort Disneyland souvenirs store Disneyland restaurant Action Programs Following are summaries of the action programes : 2010 July – 2011 July: Press Release: Hong Kong Disneyland Announces Expansion Plans. -Will have new Attractions in Disney and I phone apps -Concentrate to promote for China market on advertisements ( Media, web site,facebook. ) -Create and held on new different events for celebration and ceremony. 2011 July- 2012 July: -Make slogan and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group -To announce one of the new attractions is opening. -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments. – Keep promoting for China market -Sale promotion -Do more SCR and charity. Insert the new service such as for disable tour and new technology. -Photograph competition 2012 July- 2013July: Press Release: -All new products and new services finished to built and playing gradually. (details of new service and product ,see the above-mentioned articles -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments for the entire world. – Keep promoting for China market -Do more SCR and charity. – Slogan again and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group – Sale promotion continuing -Review the annual report