Film Review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Film Review - Assignment Example Based on a true story, Missing weave the incident that took place in Chile in 1973. An American freelance journalist Charles Horman (John Shea) with his wife Beth (Sissy Spacek) is in Chile as the opportunity presents them with the condition of military coup to report on, during and after the regime of Salvador Allande. As the time nears for the couple to leave Chile to return to America, Charles is been abducted by the military, which hints the involvement of the American army – a place where they should not be present. The following events depict the father of Charles, a conservative business man trying to locate his son and get out of the jungle of lies and deception portrayed by the US embassy with his daughter in law. Like every film produced to date, Missing contains a theme, targets a specific audience and has few editing shortcomings. The theme of the movie can be describes as addressing the controversy that had resulted as a result of Charles Horman execution back in 1973 and to clearly portray the involvement of US government in the scenario. For instance, in the start of the movie Gavras educate the people that the proceeding scenes are accounted for and are documented too; this implies that whatever will be shown in the movie cannot be questioned and the scenes are shot after authorizing the incident. So, we can harmlessly assume that the Gavras hinting that the US government was involved and the embassy played a part in approving or commanding the execution of Chalres Horman is correct. But then, this particular controversy clearing scenes opened new questioning from the public as well as the government. People tends to get more involved in a movie if the movie is based on a real incident, as this flick by Gavras falls in the same category the audience targeted by the director was the American citizen, because of the fact that the main victim of the movie was an American and this topic had been controversial for a long period of

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Poes Black Cat, Poes TellTale Heart Term Paper

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Poes Black Cat, Poes TellTale Heart - Term Paper Example By and large, the three unreliable narrators fairly tackle the distinction, if not the confusion, between truth and illusion; and it is the task of the readers to uncover the tale and not the teller. What the main protagonist calls the devil, Victor Frankenstein’s monster thoroughly tells his creator the story about the things and events that occurred to him. Unlike the two unreliable narrators in Poe’s stories, Frankenstein’s devil does not intend to persuade his listener that he is not mad. At the deeper level, however, Frankenstein’s monster subtly attempts to convince his creator that he is also a human being capable of reasoning and comprehending the things around him. On the other hand, the unreliable narrator in The Tell-Tale Heart tries to convince his audience, through speech, that he is not mad or crazy. Said narrator argues to his audience -- as if they are there and hearing his argument -- that he is not mad for several reasons. First, he is me ntally healthy because his â€Å"sense of hearing [is] acute† (Poe 110). Second, his way of telling the story is done in a calmly manner. And third, he is not mad because, as the unreliable narrator contents, he performed the work with caution and foresight. In The Black Cat, the unreliable narrator presents the wild yet homely narrative without any expectation from his readers to believe what he will say. Like the narrator in The Tell-Tale Heart, the unreliable narrator here makes a defense for himself that he is not mad: â€Å"Yet, mad am I not† (Poe 58). But unlike The Tell-Tale-Heart narrator, the unreliable narrator in The Black Cat provides no reasons as to why he is not mad. His primary purpose, though, of writing down the story is to â€Å"place before the world †¦ a series of mere household events† (Poe 58). Frankenstein’s monster as a narrator is unreliable primarily because of the vividness of his narrative; the apparent paradox here is th at the monster is created by a scientist and, at a brief span of time, able to speak and think in an intelligent and mature way. As a modern-day reader, it appears contradictory to hear or read Frankenstein’s monster speaks clearly and rationally. In The Tell Tale Heart, the narrator is unreliable for the reason that his argument is unsound. When he said that his sense of hearing is acute or sharp, the narrator refers to this acuteness as the ability to hear â€Å"many things in hell† (Poe 110). Moreover, his contention that he narrates the story in a calm manner is strongly contradictory to his last statement: â€Å"... here, here!--It is the beating of his hideous heart!† (Poe 113). The narrator in The Black Cat is unreliable when one reads his line: â€Å"[M]y very senses reject their own evidence† (Poe 58). As the story unfolds, the unreliable senses of the narrator become much apparent. In the last episode, for instance, the narrator tries to find th e black cat -- whom he calls as the beast -- in an endeavor to â€Å"put it to death† (Poe 63). After murdering his wife, the narrator fails to find the where-about of the black cat. Finally, when the wall crumbles down where his wife is laid, â€Å"the monster ... [is] within the tomb† after all (Poe 64). The purpose of the unreliable narrator in the story is to allow the readers to think for a moment about the reality or truthfulness of the narrative. Lawrence said to â€Å"[t]rust the tale, not the teller† (qtd. in Pacheco and Meyers 71). This implies that the

History of Non Profit Horse Rescue Essay Example for Free

History of Non Profit Horse Rescue Essay At present, there are plentiful of non profit organizations for horse rescue and all of them share the same goals and objectives. These organizations’ main goal and mission is to provide rescue, rehabilitation, foster care, and have a positive environment for those horses and equines that have either been abandoned, abused, unwanted, mistreated, neglected, tortured, retired, or are at risk of going to slaughter. Each non profit organization for horse rescue has its own history. Before long, horses and equines were used for transportation. In 1950’s when motorized vehicles were becoming more practical and affordable, horses were replaced as means of transportation by these lower maintenance and faster vehicles. Because of this, many horses were abandoned and neglected and were being sent to slaughter. Thus in 1952, a non profit horse rescue organization called HorseWorld was established to take care of the many working horses whose jobs were taken away and replaced by the motorized vehicles (HorseWorld, 2008). May wild horses or mustangs or more accurately termed as feral horses freely roam on public lands in several states of America like Arizona, California, Idaho, and Wyoming. But the numbers of mustangs were declining as time passes. Mustangs are horses whose ancestors were domestic horses that first arrived in America with Christopher Columbus on his voyage in 1493 (Lifesavers Inc. , 1997). Many of these domestic horses were freed or escaped from early explorers, native tribes, etc. to become free-roaming horses all across America. In order to protect and rescue these horses, the Wild Free-roaming Horse and Burro Act was passed by Congress in 1971 and many non profit horse rescue organizations have come out to protect, manage, and control wild free-roaming horses on public lands. One of these organizations is the Lifesavers Wild Horse Rescue. There are many other non profit organizations that protect and rescue not only horses but also dogs and cats from dangerous situations. The important thing is that these organizations give a chance for these animals to have a better life. This reflects how these animal rescue organizations give value to the rights of animals to safety and just treatment.

Value of Knowledge Produced with Difficulty

Value of Knowledge Produced with Difficulty It is only knowledge produced with difficulty that we truly value. To what extent do you agree with this statement? Introduction Across different knowledge areas, from the natural sciences to the arts, defining knowledge produced with difficulty is difficult.   Truly, interpretations are subject specific. In the sciences, rigorously following the scientific method and developing a sophisticated, valid theory or model requires a high level of reasoning and experimentation, which is arguably always a difficult process. In the arts, it is far more challenging to define knowledge as being produced easily or with difficulty. In this essay, knowledge in the arts is specified to its production. Determining the degree of difficulty involved is subjective, and largely depends on which aspects of knowledge are involved in the production of the visual arts: does the production of the work involve technical skill, procedural, and conceptual knowledge? To what extent are reason, emotion, and sense perception involved? In this essay, I aim to show that knowledge produced with difficulty is valued to a lesser extent in the natural sciences. In the arts, it is both knowledge produced with ease and difficulty which is accepted by consensus and valued. Hence, one cannot state that only knowledge produced with difficulty is valued. To what extent is knowledge produced with difficulty valued in the natural sciences? Knowledge produced with a lack of difficulty is valued in the scientific community. There is no greater supporter of this claim than physicist Richard Feynman, a keen populariser of a simple approach to physics. Feynmans widely used pictorial representation, known as Feynman diagrams, visualise the abstract formula of quantum electrodynamics in a simple, mathematical manner. Feynman first introduced the diagrams as a bookkeeping device for simplifying lengthy calculations (Kaiser 4). Using stick-figure lines, Feynman brought back Newtons fundamental approach to the problem, without the complicated knowledge based on new technological advances. The mathematical nature of Feynmans diagrams approaches the complexity of quantum physics with simple logic. An axiomatic system can be expressed in the simplest of terms, yet remains valid, sophisticated, and with a high level of reasoning. The success of Feynman diagrams lie in their simplicity: they are fundamental to our understanding of th e complexity of the natural world, whilst not being produced with great difficulty. However, is it possible that Feynmans rare genius renders him an exception? Arguably, intuition and a natural ability to see simple patterns in complex problems led him to produce this model. Regardless, the natural sciences are based on mathematics. Successful mathematical knowledge represents a pattern in its simplest form. Scientific models aim to accurately represent the natural world in an understandable manner. Therefore, Feynman diagrams, which are based on mathematical, simplistic knowledge are a valued model. Hence, knowledge produced with simplicity is valued in the sciences as well. Yet, simplicity in the natural sciences may also lead to knowledge which is discarded. An example of this are superseded, simple scientific theories, such as the Fleischmann-Pons experiment in the 1980s, which lead to the apparent discovery of cold fusion. Involving electrolysis, it was a dream discovery: a simple experiment with results that reshape our understanding (Cold Fusion: A Case Study for Scientific Behavior 1). Unlike Feynmans diagrams, the experiment was heavily faulted in almost all stages of the scientific method. Fleischmann-Pons results were unable to be replicated and hence not verified. The scientists were criticised to have a lack of knowledge of physics and refused to collaborate with experts, limiting their access to shared and past knowledge on fusion (Cold Fusion: A Case Study for Scientific Behavior 5). Furthermore, in a rush to publish, they did not conduct simple and obvious experiments which would have provided key evidence to support or undermine their hyp othesis, and there was a lack of repeatability (Cold Fusion: A Case Study for Scientific Behavior 7). Hence, the Fleischmann-Pons experiment was simple, yet invalid, as in their simplicity, the scientists did not rigorously follow the scientific method. But, was the root of their problems solely the simplicity of their experiment? The experiment was influenced by extraneous variables such as flaws in reasoning, peer review, and observation. Faults in the scientific method effect both simple and difficult experiments. Therefore, my claim remains valid: predominantly, knowledge in the natural sciences is valued due to its logical simplicity, leading to applicability, but is usually the result of a detailed, systematic effort that could be seen as difficult. To what extent is knowledge produced with difficulty valued in the arts? Knowledge in the arts is valued regardless and perhaps because of, its lack of difficulty. As Degas said, painting is easy when you dont know how, and arguably, Jackson Pollocks action paintings have a lack of naturalistic, formal qualities, and composition which previously defined painting (Edgar Degas. 1). Pollock defied consensus through his cathartic process in which he lay a canvas on the floor and splattered paint with hardened brushes. Pollock relied on emotion, intuition, and a lack of reason, as he states, when Im painting, Im not aware of what Im doing (Jackson Pollock Biography, Art, and Analysis of Works. 1). Furthermore, Pollock produced procedural, conceptual, theoretical, and cultural knowledge, as he is seen as a key figure of abstract expressionism. However, is this solely due to his artistic skill and knowledge thereof? In the case of Pollock, the role of circumstance could be considered. Peggy Guggenheim, who acted as his patron, contributed heavily to his success (How Peggy Guggenheim Made Jackson Pollock. 1). Furthermore, Pollock successfully read the art scene at that specific time. His understanding of the need to break consensus in the arts post-war demonstrates strong cultural knowledge. Hence, Pollock should not be treated as an exception. Defying consensus by implementing a lack of difficulty praised by old-masters in terms of reason, technical and procedural knowledge, has often characterised greatness in the arts. It is the nature of art to redefine itself. As the viewer, we ache for the new and exciting, whereas the artist yearns to stand out from others. Therefore, this claims supports my thesis. However, a counterclaim to this idea is that there are certain, rigid qualities that define a truly great artwork, being that it is only knowledge produced with great difficulty in the arts that we value. An example of this Thà ©odore Gà ©ricaults 1819 Raft of the Medusa, an impressive oil painting depicting the aftermath of a shipwreck. Gà ©ricaults interviewed survivors, visited morgues [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] and filled his flat with body parts, including a severed head (Peregrine 1), and reconstructed the original raft itself (Puchko 1). The project took a total of eighteen months. Arguably, the famous status of the work is reliant on Gà ©ricaults research, being a combination of sense perception and emotion, as he yearned to paint the dramatic, intense event as the Old Masters might have done, leaving nothing to chance or fantasy (Christiansen 1), indicating the involvement of reason, too. The accuracy of the work required great technical skill and procedural knowledge, as well as a stroke of rare genius. Today, the work is regarded as an icon of Romanticism (Laborie 1) due to Gà ©ricaults undoubtedly difficult process of knowledge production. However, initially, the painting failed to bring him the [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] public success he craved (Christiansen 1). Therefore, can one truly say the work was always valued by consensus? The original Medusa remained a politically sensitive matter, and its image was far too disconcerting and repulsive to popularise Gà ©ricault (Christiansen 1). Therefore, in Gà ©ricaults and the communitys eyes, the work originally failed and was not always valued, despite the difficulty of producing the work. It is reductionist to state that it is only knowledge produced with difficulty that is valued. Hence, this counterclaim does not undermine my thesis. Conclusion Overall, it is not only knowledge produced with difficulty that is valued. In the arts, both works produced with ease and difficulty are valid, whereas in the sciences, it is often the simplest theories are often valued the most. Logical induction and valid reasoning is central to knowledge in the natural sciences. Commonly, the simplest theories and experiments can provide this, as they stress fundamental, valid principles and facts which cannot be disproven, such as mathematical knowledge. Even experiments undermining my thesis, such as Fleischmann-Pons, contribute to science through their simplicity. According to Karl Poppers theorem of falsifiability, disproving a hypothesis is central to the natural sciences. Valuable lessons can be learnt from Fleischmann-Pons, such as the importance of the scientific method. Hence, regardless of its validity, knowledge produced with simplicity is valued in the sciences. Contrarily, in the arts, the production of knowledge is difficult to pinpo int as difficult or simple. Arguably, one could state than any creation of an artwork involves a difficult technique, high reasoning, or specialist sense perception in their eyes. Subsequently, it is both knowledge produced with ease and difficulty that is valued in the arts. However, does this make all art a masterpiece? If I say the creation of an artwork was difficult for me, does this make me an old-master, and put me on the same level as Gà ©ricault? The implications of my thesis in terms of the natural sciences is that if knowledge produced with difficulty is valued to a lesser extent, does this diminish knowledge produced with difficulty? Arguably, invalid knowledge produced with difficulty is valued: we learn from mistakes in their extensive, rigorous reasoning or methodology and produce valid knowledge from these improvements. Therefore, even invalid knowledge produced with difficulty should not be entirely discarded. In the arts, stating that both knowledge produced with or without difficulty is valued leaves us with a very broad and inclusive definition of what makes art great. This minimises the role of gatekeepers of knowledge, and leads us to question consensus in the arts. Yet, if ways of knowing- in Pollocks case intuition, in Gà ©ricaults sense perception- determine the value of art, this implies that art is a way of thinking rather than a form of expression. Furthermore, if, as in Pollocks case, art is valued due to it breaking previous consensus, this severely undermines the role of consensus. This leads me to wonder if we should question the value of art at all, and if we should instead simply create art for arts sake. Word Count: 1599 Works Cited Edgar Degas. BrainyQuote.com. Xplore Inc, 2016. 17 December 2016. How Peggy Guggenheim Made Jackson Pollock. Phaidon. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2016. Jackson Pollock Biography, Art, and Analysis of Works. The Art Story. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2016. Christiansen, Rupert. The Victorian Visitors: Culture Shock in Nineteenth-Century Britain. New York Times Books, 2000. Web. 17 Dec. 2016. Cold Fusion: A Case Study for Scientific Behavior. N.p.: The University of California Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley, and the Regents of the University of California, 2012. PDF. Kaiser, David. Drawing Theories Apart: The Dispersion of Feynman Diagrams in Postwar Physics. N.p.: U of Chicago, 2005. Google Books. Web. 16 Dec. 2016. Laborie, Sà ©verine. The Raft of the Medusa. The Raft of the Medusa | Louvre Museum | Paris. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2016. Peregrine, Anthony. Raft of the Medusa: A Grisly Tale of Incompetence and Cannibalism. The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 12 July 2016. Web. 17 Dec. 2016.

Alcohol :: Free Essays

Alcohol Alcohol is a drug which is used by any age and any ethnic background, it can have serious effects but not many of us realize this. Some people drink a lot and become addicted to it, the alcohol effects part of the brain which controls all the decision making, the outcome of this is loss of inhibitions. It affects the physical side which causes blurred vision and loss of balance. Drinking large amounts of alcohol at once is known as binge drinking, this has serious effects such as unconsciousness, coma and death. As you may realize by now alcohol can be a very dangerous drug but only if you take more than the recommended amount which is: Men - should drink no more than 21 units of alcohol per week and no more than four units in any one day. Women - should drink no more than 14 units of alcohol per week and no more than three units in any one day. If you take more than the recommended amount and drink every so often this will lead to physical damage, the effects of this are, increasing the possibility of catching diseases and making other diseases worse. Excessive drinking is related with loss of brain cells, liver failure, stomach ulcers, certain types of cancer, nerve damage, heart failure and epilepsy. Even though alcohol is used to make people feel relaxed, excessive drinking over a long period of time increases anxiety and causes depression. It also affects problems with sleeping, mood swings, violence and suicide. If you personally drink a lot and would like to stop, it may help if you keep a diary which records how much alcohol you drink every day, also if you could set yourself a target of how much you are allowed to

Animal Farm. Analysis

Clover is 14 years old, with the same old Benjamin. The windmill is used for milling corn. All animals continue lives of hard work and little food — except the pigs. The pigs begin to walk on hind legs, carrying a whip, and eventually wearing clothes. The sheep begin to bleat â€Å"Four legs good, two legs better! † The wall has been repainted to â€Å"ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL / BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS. † Later, the neighboring farmers are given a tour, and stayed for dinner. Mr. Pilkington makes a toast to Animal Farm and its efficiency.Napoleon outlined new policies, with use of comrade suppressed, cancellation of meetings, burial of Old Major’s skull and removal of farm flag designs as well as the use of the name Manor Farm. Then, the men and pigs begin playing cards. It was impossible to discriminate between the humans and the pigs. Analysis This final chapter depicts the complete transformation of Animal Farm into Manor Farm. The comp letion of the windmill marks a linking of animals and humans, its symbolic meaning was reversed and corrupted as it was used for money just like everything else.The farm is inexorably tied to human in term of commerce, such that the pigs come to resemble the human oppressors to the degree that â€Å"it was impossible to say which was which. † Orwell used â€Å"years pass† to stress that the animals' lacks sense of history causing the incapability of judging present situation, thus do not complain their awful lives, since â€Å"they had nothing to go upon except Squealer's lists of figures, which invariably demonstrate that everything was getting better and better. † The animals cannot recall the different from the present life and the past, therefore they could not compare.The pigs have won their ideological battle, as the Party wins its war with Winston's mind at the end of Nineteen-Eight-Four. Only Benjamin by which Orwell use to voice his own opinion is able to conclude that â€Å"hunger, hardship, and disappointment† are the â€Å"unalterable law of life. † Napoleon is carrying a whip in his trotter, formerly a symbol of human torture. The sheep's new slogan, destroys chance for thought and debate, and the new Commandment expresses Napoleon's philosophy. When the humans arrives, the animals are not sure whom they should fear, the pigs or the men.It is implied that there is no real difference, as it does with the pigs buying a wireless, a telephone, and newspapers, and with Napoleon smoking a pipe, despite Old Major's admonition to avoid all habits of men. The meeting between the pigs and the humans is an allusion to the Tehran Conference, which was intended to map out a strategy to end World War II. It was a meeting of the leaders, jointly leading the fight against Hitler. Pilkington's address to Napoleon reveals his desire to remain on good terms with Animal Farm and offers a stream of empty words to keep the wheels of c ommerce well-greased.He praises Napoleon for making the animals do more work for less food, suggest that Napoleon is corrupt. His final witticism â€Å"If you have your lower animals to contend with †¦ we have our lower classes! † stresses the political interchangeability between the pigs and the men. The changes of which Napoleon speak make the farm a complete dictatorship. The abolition of the word â€Å"comrade† create less unity among the animal, the removal of the horn and hoof ensure that the animals never consider the rewards of struggle and rebellion. Finally, the changing of the farm's name implies that the farm is not, the animals'.Instead, it is the property of â€Å"to the manor born†, the pigs. When Napoleon and Pilkington argue, it shows that after years of oppression, struggle, rebellion, and reform, the pigs become as corrupt and cruel as their masters. Smoking, drinking, whipping, killing, and even cheating which are shared by both animal a nd man. Despite Pilkington's professed admiration for Napoleon, neither trusts the other because each is motivated purely by self-interest and not the ineffectual principles expounded by old Major. Summary analyze theme Years go by. Only Clover, Benjamin, and some of the pigs remember the revolution.Animal Farm is more prosperous than ever. The windmill is finished, though instead of producing electricity it’s used to mill flour, and brings in a hefty profit. Although the farm is richer, only the pigs and dogs seem better off. Still, the animals can’t remember any other way of life, and even those that don’t remember the revolution are proud to be free. The pigs rule Animal Farm as masters, just as Mr. Jones once did. However, they control language and thought on their farm so completely that their animals still consider themselves free citizens. Totalitarianism, Language as PowerOne day Squealer brings the sheep out to a distant field with him and keeps them th ere for a week. Just after the sheep return, Clover lets out a terrified neigh: Squealer is walking on two legs! All the pigs then walk out of the farmhouse on two legs. Napoleon appears last, carrying a whip. The pigs’ power is so complete that they now feel free to act exactly like humans. Napoleon’s whip is a symbol of oppression. Totalitarianism, Revolution and Corruption, Class Warfare The animals are silent and seem poised to protest. Just then the sheep begin to bleat â€Å"Four legs good, two legs better! over and over, and the prospect of protest passes. Once again the animals don’t take their chance to rebel. The pig’s propaganda overpowers them. Totalitarianism, Class Warfare,Language as Power Clover asks Benjamin to read the Seven Commandments to her. But the wall now only reads, â€Å"All Animals Are Equal. But Some Are More Equal Than Others. † Animalism has been entirely rewritten to benefit the pigs. It now reads like nonsense. Tot alitarianism, Revolution and Corruption, ,Language as Power The next day, all the pigs start carrying whips and wearing clothes.A week later, they invite humans from nearby farms to look around and stay for dinner at Animal Farm. That night, the animals, led by Clover, sneak up and watch the pigs and humans through the window. Pilkington and Napoleon toast each other. Pilkington says he’s pleased to have their history of mistrust behind them. He expresses admiration that the pigs can feed their animals so little yet get so much work out of them. He adds that pigs and men have similar problems: pigs have lower animals to deal with, while men have lower classes.The pigs, who once wanted to kill all humans, now seek friendly relations with nearby farmers. Animal Farm suggests that all totalitarian governments are fundamentally the same because their leaders share one goal: to maintain their own power by oppressing and exploiting individuals in particular and the lower classes in general. Totalitarianism, Revolution and Corruption, Class Warfare Napoleon agrees wholeheartedly with Pilkington, and announces plans to eliminate all signs of Animal Farm’s revolutionary past, including its name. From now on it will be called by its original and proper name: Manor Farm.The similarity of all totalitarian governments is represented by the changing of the farm’s name back to its original name. Totalitarianism, Language as Power The men and pigs return to a game of poker and the farm animals turn to leave, but a shout from within stops them. Napoleon and Pilkington have discovered each other cheating at cards. A fight has broken out. In the chaos, the animals can’t tell the pigs from the humans. In their petty greed, the Animalist and Capitalist leaders are indistinguishable. The animals are back where they started: enslaved by oppressive leaders. Totalitarianism, Revolution and Corruption, Class WarfareThemes Totalitarianism Totalitarianism is a form of government that seeks to control every facet of life, from economics and politics to individual’s ideas and beliefs. For instance, Mr. Jones runs Manor Farm based on the idea that human domination is the natural order of things, while Napoleon and the pigs run Animal Farm with the claim that they are fighting for animals against evil humans. Every type of totalitarianism, is founded on oppression the individual and the lower class. Those who hold power in totalitarian regimes care only care about maintaining their power by any means necessary.While the story of Napoleon’s rise to power is most explicitly a condemnation of totalitarianism in the Soviet Union, Orwell intends Animal Farm to criticize all totalitarian regimes. Revolution and Corruption Animal Farm depicts a revolution in progress. Old Major gives the animals a new perspective on their situation under Mr. Jones, which leads them to envision a better future free of human exploitation. The revolution in Animal Farm, like all popular revolutions, arises out of a hope for a better future. At the time of the revolution, even the pigs are excited by and ommitted to the idea of universal animal equality. So what undermines the animal’s revolution and transforms it into a totalitarian nightmare? Animal Farm shows how the high ideals that fuel revolutions gradually give way to individual and class self-interest. Not even Napoleon planned to become a dictator before the revolution, but as his power grew, he took more and more until his power became absolute. Revolutions are corrupted in a slow process. Animal Farm portrays that process. Class Warfare One of the main tenets of Animalism is that all animals are equal.But quite quickly the pigs begin to refer to themselves as â€Å"mindworkers† to distinguish themselves from the other animals, who are physical laborers. Over time, this sense of separation takes hold: the pigs begin to discourage their children from playing w ith the children of the other animals, and then establish themselves as absolute rulers of the â€Å"lesser† menial laborers. Animal Farm shows how differences in education and occupation lead to the development of class, which leads inevitably to class warfare, in which one class seeks to dominate the other.Animal Farm suggests that the â€Å"mindworking† class will almost always prevail in this struggle. Animal Farm doesn’t just focus on the upper classes, however. In fact, it focuses more closely on the oppressed working class. The farm animals work so hard that they have no time to learn or educate themselves or think deeply about their world. Instead, they’re taught that work is their contribution to society, their way to freedom. Boxer believes that â€Å"I will work harder† is the answer to every problem, though he never perceives that the pigs exploit his effort.Benjamin occupies the other extreme: he recognizes what’s going on, but his cynicism stops him from taking action against the pigs. In the end, Animal Farm implies that whether because of ignorance, inaction, or fear, the working class allows itself to be dominated by the â€Å"mindworkers. † Language as Power Animal Farm shows how the minority in power uses vague language, propaganda, and misinformation to control the thoughts and beliefs of the majority in the lower classes. The pigs, especially Squealer, become extremely sophisticated and effective in their attempts to rewrite the rules of Animal Farm and Animalism.They even revise the farm’s entire history in order to mislead the other animals into believing exactly what they say. By the end of the novel, the animals on the farm believe Snowball fought against them at the Battle of the Cowshed even though they saw him fight with them. They believe life on the farm has improved even though they have less food than ever, and that Napoleon has their best interests at heart even though he kills those who disagree with him. As the only literate animals on the farm, the pigs maintain a monopoly on information that they use to build and hold their power. The Soviet UnionWhile Animal Farm condemns all forms of totalitarianism, it is most explicitly a bitter attack on the Soviet Union. Though Orwell supported the ideas of Socialism, he strongly opposed the Soviet Union’s descent into totalitarianism under Stalin. Animal Farm satirically attacks the Soviet Union by mirroring many events from Soviet history in the novel. The events of Animal Farm that mirror historical events in the Soviet Union, such as the revolution and the subsequent corruption of its ideals, will be highlighted and discussed in the Summary and Analysis sections. What unites the animals into a community?Pride Chapter 10 Quotes Somehow it seemed as though the farm had grown richer without making the animals themselves any richer— except, of course, for the pigs and the dogs. Four legs good, two legs better! All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others. The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which. † Quote #1 Pride QuotesThere was enthusiastic cheering and stamping of feet. Napoleon was so gratified that he left his place and came round the table to clink his mug against Mr.Pilkington's before emptying it. (10. 28)| While the pigs’ pride initially lay in besting the humans, Napoleon ultimately takes pride in gaining the approval of the humans with whom he once competed. Quote #2 Pride QuoteIt might be that their lives were hard and that not all of their hopes had been fulfilled; but they were conscious that they were not as other animals. If they went hungry, it was not from feeding tyrannical human beings; if they worked hard, at least they worked for themselves. No creature among them went upon two legs. No creature called any other creature â€Å"Master. † All animals were equal. (10. )| The animals’ pride lies in their distinction from others of their species. The principles of Animalism trick them into thinking theirs is the superior situation. Quote #3 Cunning and Cleverness QuotesSometimes the older ones among them racked their dim memories and tried to determine whether in the early days of the Rebellion, when Jones's expulsion was still recent, things had been better or worse than now. They could not remember. There was nothing with which they could compare their present lives: they had nothing to go upon except Squealer's lists of figures, which invariably demonstrated that everything was getting better and better.The animals found the problem insoluble; in any case, they had little time for speculating on such things now. (10. 6)| Squealer conceals actual knowledge from the other animals by stuffing their heads full of false information – frivolous numbers and figures. Quote #4 Dr eams, Hopes, and Plans QuotesYears passed. The seasons came and went, the short animal lives fled by. A time came when there was no one who remembered the old days before the Rebellion, except Clover, Benjamin, Moses the raven, and a number of the pigs. (10. 1)| Despite visions of a better future, the years progress with little or no change.Quote #5 Dreams, Hopes, and Plans QuotesOnly old Benjamin professed to remember every detail of his long life and to know that things never had been, nor ever could be much better or much worse-hunger, hardship, and disappointment being, so he said, the unalterable law of life. (10. 6)| Benjamin’s clear vision of the future is the product of his unadulterated memory of the past. Quote #6 Dreams, Hopes, and Plans Quotes†Gentlemen,† concluded Napoleon, â€Å"I will give you the same toast as before, but in a different form. Fill your glasses to the brim. Gentlemen, here is my toast: To the prosperity of The Manor Farm! (10. 32)| The inevitability of Animal Farm’s reversion to its original state of corrupt leadership is made clear by the reversion of its name back to â€Å"Manor Farm. † Quote #7 Rules and Order Quotes†My sight is failing,† she said finally. â€Å"Even when I was young I could not have read what was written there. But it appears to me that that wall looks different. Are the Seven Commandments the same as they used to be, Benjamin? † For once Benjamin consented to break his rule, and he read out to her what was written on the wall. There was nothing there now except a single Commandment.It ran: ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS (10. 17, 10. 18, 10. 19)| Benjamin breaks his own rule to read aloud the Commandments, which reveal violations of the Commandments themselves. All order is falling apart. Quote #8 Rules and Order QuotesHe did not believe, he said, that any of the old suspicions still lingered, but certain changes had been made recently in the routine of the farm which should have the effect of promoting confidence stiff further. Hitherto the animals on the farm had had a rather foolish custom of addressing one another as â€Å"Comrade. This was to be suppressed. There had also been a very strange custom, whose origin was unknown, of marching every Sunday morning past a boar's skull which was nailed to a post in the garden. This, too, would be suppressed, and the skull had already been buried. His visitors might have observed, too, the green flag which flew from the masthead. If so, they would perhaps have noted that the white hoof and horn with which it had previously been marked had now been removed. It would be a plain green flag from now onwards. (10. 30)| The creation of new traditions is accompanied by the destruction of the old.Quote #9 Rules and Order QuotesHe had only one criticism, he said, to make of Mr. Pilkington's excellent and neighbourly speech. Mr. Pilkington had referred throughout to â€Å"Animal Farm. † He could not of course know-for he, Napoleon, was only now for the first time announcing it-that the name â€Å"Animal Farm† had been abolished. Henceforward the farm was to be known as â€Å"The Manor Farm† – which, he believed, was its correct and original name. (10. 31)| Orwell presents the name of the farm as the last tradition to go – the abandonment of â€Å"Animal Farm† is the culmination of all the other violations on the part of the pigs.Quote #10 Lies and Deceit QuotesLike all of Napoleon's speeches, it was short and to the point. He too, he said, was happy that the period of misunderstanding was at an end. For a long time there had been rumours-circulated, he had reason to think, by some malignant enemy-that there was something subversive and even revolutionary in the outlook of himself and his colleagues. They had been credited with attempting to stir up rebellion among the animals on neighbouring farms. Nothing could be further from the truth! Their sole wish, now and in the past, was to live at peace and in normal business relations with their neighbours.This farm which he had the honour to control, he added, was a co-operative enterprise. The title-deeds, which were in his own possession, were owned by the pigs jointly. (10. 29)| Napoleon attempts to change and re-shape history in the minds of the humans exactly as the pigs have done with the animals on the farm. Quote #11 Lies and Deceit QuotesBut they had not gone twenty yards when they stopped short. An uproar of voices was coming from the farmhouse. They rushed back and looked through the window again. Yes, a violent quarrel was in progress. There were shoutings, bangings on the table, sharp suspicious glances, furious denials.The source of the trouble appeared to be that Napoleon and Mr. Pilkington had each played an ace of spades simultaneously. (10. 34)| Napoleon and the humans are made similar in their deceptions; while w e can not tell who played the false ace of spades, we can conclude, just as Clover, that there is ultimately no difference either way. Quote #12 Control over the Intellectually Inferior QuotesOne day in early summer Squealer ordered the sheep to follow him, and led them out to a piece of waste ground at the other end of the farm, which had become overgrown with birch saplings.The sheep spent the whole day there browsing at the leaves under Squealer's supervision. In the evening he returned to the farmhouse himself, but, as it was warm weather, told the sheep to stay where they were. It ended by their remaining there for a whole week, during which time the other animals saw nothing of them. Squealer was with them for the greater part of every day. He was, he said, teaching them to sing a new song, for which privacy was needed. (10. 8)| Squealer separates the sheep from the other animals to use them as tools, just as Napoleon separated the pups when they were born.Quote #13 Control ov er the Intellectually Inferior QuotesBut just at that moment, as though at a signal, all the sheep burst out into a tremendous bleating of- â€Å"Four legs good, two legs better! Four legs good, two legs better! Four legs good, two legs better! † It went on for five minutes without stopping. And by the time the sheep had quieted down, the chance to utter any protest had passed, for the pigs had marched back into the farmhouse. (10. 13, 10. 14, 10. 15)| The pigs are able to reverse the idea of the saying â€Å"four legs good, two legs bad† by changing one simple word.Similarly, by making seemingly small changes to their stories and explanations, the pigs are able to control the minds of the rest of Animal Farm as well. Quote #14 Leadership and Corruption QuotesBut the luxuries of which Snowball had once taught the animals to dream, the stalls with electric light and hot and cold water, and the three-day week, were no longer talked about. Napoleon had denounced such idea s as contrary to the spirit of Animalism. The truest happiness, he said, lay in working hard and living frugally. (10. )| Napoleon uses the concept of Animalism to disguise his manipulations, but notice that he simultaneously denies all the initial dreams that went along with the concept of Animalism. Quote #15 Leadership and Corruption QuotesToday he and his friends had visited Animal Farm and inspected every inch of it with their own eyes, and what did they find? Not only the most up-to-date methods, but a discipline and an orderliness which should be an example to all farmers everywhere. He believed that he was right in saying that the lower animals on Animal Farm did more work and received less food than any animals in the county. 10. 25)| The humans and pigs measure power by its ability to oppress. Quote #16 Leadership and Corruption QuotesTwelve voices were shouting in anger, and they were all alike. No question, now, what had happened to the faces of the pigs. The creatures o utside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which. (10. 35)| While the pigs change in many ways, it is not moving into the house, or wearing clothes, or walking on two legs that makes them like the humans – it is the abuse of their power.

Analysis of Nextcard.Inc

Nectar, Inc. Jeremy Lent lunched a company named Nectar. Inc. Aims to earn money by helping people get credit card more conveniently. But there is two huge flaws in this strategy, first, the way nectar to obtain new customers proved to be much higher than the figure Lent had originally projected. Second, the people who signed up for the Neckband credit card proved to be much higher credit risk than Lent had expected. So, the result is big bad debts. But the company officials still Insist that theIncreasing allowance for bad debts Is caused by hackers and other Internet miscreants. Then in late 2001, they got a large class-action lawsuit by the angry Investors. While the real big problem Is what the audit partner Thomas Trigger did. In order to make the workspaces appear as If the addling teams had been ‘right on the mark' all along, he modifying the workspaces and scour the evidences. Instead of scour the evidence, Trigger's subordinate gave It to federal authoresses. I think t he audit Issue we should concern about Is the destroying of documents.As It Is said In the paragraph, the financial markets depend on the integrity of auditors, lawyers and other professionals to do their jobs ethically and fairly. If they fail to do so, the damage is huge, and the mistake is unforgivable. But I didn't appreciate what Outrages subordinate did. He should at least persuade his superior not to do this. He pretend to be obey the boss's order while do another thing behind wisher's back is kind of betraying. On the other side, Trigger is incompetent to be a good mentor. He didn't teach his subordinate to be honest auditor.Whether the auditor should evaluate the soundness of a client's business model is depends on the position of the auditor. If the clients asked about the suggestions, they can give some advices. If they are not been asked to do, I think the business model is out of an auditor's obligations. Analysis of Nectar. Len By redeemed So, the result is big bad deb ts. But the company's officials still insist that the increasing allowance for bad debts is caused by hackers and other Internet investors. While the real big problem is what the audit partner Thomas Trigger did.In order to make the workspaces appear as if the auditing teams had been ‘right on the mark all along, he modifying the workspaces and scour the evidences. Instead of scour the evidence, Trigger's subordinate gave it to federal authorities. I think the audit issue we should concern about is the destroying of documents. As it is said in other professionals to do their Jobs ethically and fairly. If they fail to do so, the Trigger's subordinate did. He should at least persuade his superior not to do this. He didn't teach his subordinate to be honest auditor. Whether the auditor should